k) Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets
A provision is recognized when an enterprise has a present obligation as a result of past event; it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are not discounted to its present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.
Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.
A contingent assets, where an inflow of economic benefits is probable, an entity shall disclose a brief description of the nature of the contingent assets at the end of the reporting period, and, where practicable, an estimate of their financial effect, measured using the principles set out for provisions in Ind AS 37. Contingent assets are not recognised in the financial statements.
l) Cash flow statement
Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit for the period is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature, any deferrals or accruals of past or future operating cash receipts or payments and item of income or expenses associated with investing or financing cash flows. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated.
m) Financial instruments
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognized when an entity becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments.
Initial recognition
Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are recognized immediately in profit or loss. Regular way purchase and sale of financial assets are accounted for at trade date.
Subsequent measurement
a) Non-derivative financial instruments
i) Cash and Cash equivalents
The company considers all highly liquid financial instruments, which are readily convertible into known amounts of cash that are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value and having original maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase, to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consists of balances with banks which are unrestricted for withdrawal and usage.
ii) Financial assets carried at amortised cost
A financial asset is subsequently measured at amortised cost if it is held within a business model whose objective is to hold the asset in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
iii) Equity investments at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)
These include financial assets that are equity instruments and are irrevocably designated as such upon initial recognition. Subsequently, these are measured at fair value and changes therein are recognized directly in other comprehensive income, net of applicable income taxes.
Dividends from these equity investments are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the right to receive payment has been established. When the equity investment is derecognized, the cumulative gain or loss in equity is transferred to retained earnings.
iv) Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)
A financial asset which is not classified in any of the above categories are subsequently fair valued through profit or loss.
v) Financial liabilities
Financial liabilities are subsequently carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method. For trade and other payables maturing within one year from the Balance Sheet date, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to the short maturity of these instruments.
b) Share Capital Ordinary Shares
Ordinary shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issuance of new ordinary shares are recognized as a deduction from equity.
c) Derecognition of financial instruments
The Company derecognizes a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire or it transfers the financial asset and the transfer qualifies for derecognition under Ind AS 109. A financial liability (or a part of a financial liability) is derecognized from the Company’s Balance Sheet when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged or cancelled or expires.
n) Fair value of financial instruments
In determining the fair value of its financial instruments, the Company uses a variety of methods and assumptions that are based on market conditions and risks existing at each reporting date. The methods used to determine fair value include available quoted market prices. All methods of assessing fair value result in general approximation of value, and such value may never actually be realized. The fair values of investments in mutual fund units is based on the net asset value (“NAV”) as stated by the issuers of these mutual fund units in the published statements as at Balance Sheet date. NAV represents the price at which the issuer will issue further units of mutual fund and the price at which issuers will redeem such units from the investors.
The fair value measurements are categorized into Level 1,2 or 3 based on the degree to which the inputs to the fair value measurements are observable and the significance of the inputs to the fair value measurements are observable and the significance of the inputs to the fair value measurement in its entirety, which are described as follows:
Level 1 inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company can access at the measurement date;
Level 2 inputs are inputs, other than quoted prices included within Level 1, that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; and
Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability
o) Impairment of Financial Assets
The Company recognizes loss allowances using the Expected Credit Loss (ECL) model for the financial assets which are not fair valued through profit or loss. Loss allowance for trade receivables with no significant financing component is measured at an amount equal to lifetime ECL. For all other financial assets, expected credit losses are measured at an amount equal to the 12-month ECL, unless there has been a significant increase in credit risk from initial recognition in which case those are measured at lifetime ECL. The amount of expected credit losses (or reversal) that is required to adjust the loss allowance at the reporting date to the amount that is required to be recognized is recognized as an impairment gain or loss in profit or loss.
|