Provisions and contingent liabilities
A provision is required when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions (excluding retirement benefits and compensated absences) are not discounted to its present value and are determined based on best estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.
Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made. Contigent liabilities are not recognised in the financial statements. A contigent asset is neither recognised nor disclosed in the financial statements.
(D) Revenue recognition
Sale of goods:
Revenue is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have been passed to the buyer. Sales are disclosed net of sales tax / VAT/GST, trade discounts,turnover discounts and returns, as applicable.
Interest & Dividend:
Dividend income is recorded when the right to receive payment is established. Interest income is recognised using the effective interest method.
(E) Income taxes
Income tax expense comprises current tax expense and the net change in the deferred tax asset or liabilitiy during the year. Current and Deferred taxes are recognised in Statement of Profit & Loss, except when they relate to items that are recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.
Current income taxes
The current income tax expense includes income taxes payable by the Company.
Advance taxes and provisions for current income taxes are presented in the Balance Sheet after off-setting advance tax paid and income tax provision arising in the same jurisdiction and where the relevant tax paying units intends to settle the asset and liability on a net basis.
Deferred income taxes
Deferred income tax is recognised using the Balance Sheet approach. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognised for deductible and taxable temporary differences arising between the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amount, except when the deferred income tax arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss at the time of the transaction.
Deferred income tax asset are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the dedutible temporary differences and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised.
The carrying amount of deferred income tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred income tax asset to be utilised.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using substantively enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which the temporary differences are expected to be received or settled.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when they relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority and the relevant entity intends to settle its current tax assets and liabilities on a net basis.
(F) Financial instruments
Financial assets and liabilities are recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. Financial assets and liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value measured on initial recognition of financial asset or financial liability.
Cash and cash equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid financial instruments, which are readily convertible into known amounts of cash that are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value and having original maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase, to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist of balances with banks which are unrestricted for withdrawal and usage.
Financial assets at amortised cost
Financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost if these financial assets are held within a business whose objective is to hold these assets to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asets give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income
Financial assets are measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if these financial assets are held within a business whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows on specified dates that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding and selling financial assets.
Financial liabilities
Financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.
Equity instruments
An equity instrument is a contract that evidences residual interest in the assets of the Company after deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments recognised by the Company are recognised at the proceeds received net off direct issue cost.
(G) Property, plant and equipment
Depreciation is provided for property, plant and equipment so as to amortise the cost over their estimated useful lives based on a technical evaluation. The estimated useful lives and residual value are reviewed at the end of each reporting period.
Financial assets (other than at fair value)
The Company assesses at each date of Balance Sheet whether a financial asset or a group of financial assets is impaired. IndAS 109 requires expected credit losses to be measured through a loss allowance. The Company recognises lifetime expected losses for all contract assets and/or all trade receivables that do not constitute a financing transaction. For all other financial assets, expected credit losses are measured at an amount equal to the 12 month expected credit losses or at an amount equal to the life time expected credit losses if the credit risk on the financial asset has increased significantly since initial recognition.
Financial assets (other than at fair value)
Tangible and intangible assets
Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets with finite life are evaluated for recoverability whenever there is any indication that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount (i.e. higher of the fair value less cost to sell and the value-in-use) is determined on an individual asset basis unless the asset does not generate cash flows that are largely independent of those from other assets. In such cases, the recoverable amount is determined for the cash generating unit (CGU) to which the asset belongs.
If the recoverable amount of an asset (of CGU) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying ammount of the asset (of CGU) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
(I) Employee benefits Defined benefit plans
For defined benefit plans, the cost of providing benefits is determined using the Projected Unit Credit Method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at each Balance Sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognised in full in the Statement of Profit & Loss for the period in which they occur. Past service cost both vested and unvested is recognised as an expense at the earlier of (a) when the plan amendment or curtailment occurs; and (b) when the entity recognises related restructuing costs or termination benefits.
The retirement benefit obligations recognised in the Balance Sheet represents the present value of the defined obligations reduced by the fair value of scheme assets. Any asset resulting from this calculation is limited to the present value of available refunds and reductions in future contributions to the scheme.
Defined contribution plans
Contributions to defined contribution plans are recognised as expense when employees have rendered services entitling them to such benefits.
Compensated absences
Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related services are recognised as an actuarially determined liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the Balance Sheet date.
(J) Inventories
Company has Raw Material, Packing Material, Work in Progress and Finished Goods as inventory. Raw Material, packing material and Work in Progress are carried at cost. Finished Goods are carried at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost is determined on a FIFO basis.
(K) Borrowing costs:
Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalized as part of cost of such asset till such time as the asset is ready for its intended use or sale. All other borrowing costs are recognized as an expense in the period in which they are incurred.
Company has borrowings from banks & financial institutions secured by it's own fixed deposits & shares.It has also loan from directors.It has no debts from any other external sources.
(L) Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share are computed by dividing profit or loss attributable to equity shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding
during the year. The Company did not have any potentially dilutive securities in any of the years' presented.
Diluted earnings per share are computed by dividing net profit net profit attributable to the equity holders of the Company by the weighted average number of equity sharesconsidered for deriving basic earnings per share and also the weighted average number of equity shares that could have been issued upon conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares unless the results would be anti - dilutive. The dilutive potential equity shares are adjusted for the proceeds receivable had the equity shares been actually issued at fair value (i.e. the average market value of the outstanding equity shares). Dilutive potential equity shares are deemed converted as of the beginning of the period, unless issued at a later date. Dilutive potential equity shares are determined independently for each period presented.
Contributed equity:
Equity shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares or options are shown in equity as a deduction, net of tax, from the proceeds
(M) Exceptional Items
Certain occasions, the size, type or incidence of an item of income or expense, pertaining to the ordinary activities of the company is such that its disclosure improves the understanding of the performance of the company, such income or expense is classified as an exceptional item and accordingly, disclosed in the notes accompanying to the financial statements.
(N) Additional Regulatory Charges
As per the website of the Ministry of Corporate affairs, certain charges aggregating on properties of the Company are pending for satisfaction due to some procedural issues, although related loan amounts have already been paid in full details are shown as below :
c) No aggregate amounts of current and deferred tax have arisen in the reporting periods which have been recognised in equity and not in Statement of Profit and Loss or other comprehensive income.
d) Unrecognsied temporary differences
The Company has not recognised deferred tax liability associated with fair value gains on equity share measured at OCI as based on Management projection of future taxable income and existing plan it is not probable that such difference will reverse in the foreseeable future.
Risk exposure
Through its defined benefit plans, the Company is exposed to a number of risks, the most significant of which are detailed below:
i) Asset volatility
The plan liabilities are calculated using a discount rate set with reference to bond yields; if plan assets underperform this yield, this will create a deficit. Most of the plan asset investments is in fixed income securities with high grades and in government securities. These are subjectto interest rate risk. The Company has a risk management strategy where the aggregate amount of risk exposure on a portfolio level is maintained at a fixed range. Any deviations from the range are corrected by rebalancing the portfolio. The Company intends to maintain the above investment mix in the continuing years.
b) Valuation technique used to determine fair value
Specific valuation techniques used to value financial instruments include:
i) the use of quoted market prices or dealer quotes for similar instruments
ii) the fair value of interest rate swaps is calculated as the present value of the estimated future cash flows based on observable yield curves.
iii) the fair value of forward foreign exchange contracts are determined using forward exchange rates at the Balance Sheet date
iv) the fair value of foreign currency option contracts is determined using the Black Scholes valuation model.
v) the fair value of the remaining financial instruments is determined using discounted cash flow analysis.
c) Valuation processes
The finance department of the Company includes a team that performs the valuations of financial assets and liabilities required for financial reporting purposes, including level 3 fair values. This team reports directly to the Chief Financial Officer (CFO).
31 CAPITAL MANAGEMENT Risk management
The primary objective of the Company's Capital Management is to maximise shareholder value. The Company monitors capital using Debt-Equity ratio, which is total debt divided by total capital plus total debt.
For the purposes of the Company's capital management, the Company considers the following components of its Balance Sheet to be managed capital:
Total equity as shown in the Balance Sheet includes General reserve, Retained earnings, Share capital, Security premium. Total debt includes current debt plus non-current debt.
32 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
The provisions of CSR are not applicable in FY 2021-22, FY 2022-23 and FY 23-24
33 REGROUPED | RECAST | RECLASSIFIED
Figures of the earlier year have been reclassified to conform to Ind AS presentation requirements
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