(m) Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets
Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources, that can be reliably estimated, will be required to settle such an obligation.
If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows to net present value using an appropriate pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and, where appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. Unwinding of the discount is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss as a finance cost. Provisions are reviewed at each reporting date and are adjusted to reflect the current best estimate.
A present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made, is disclosed as a contingent liability. Contingent liabilities are also disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non -occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company.
Claims against the Company where the possibility of any outflow of resources in settlement is remote, are not disclosed as contingent liabilities.
Contingent assets are not recognised in financial statements since this may result in the recognition of income that may never be realised. However, when the realisation of income is virtually certain, then the related asset is not a contingent asset and is recognised.
(n) Borrowing costs
Borrowing costs are interest and other costs that the Company incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds and is measured with reference to the effective interest rate (EIR) applicable to the respective borrowing.
Borrowing costs, allocated to qualifying assets, pertaining to the period from commencement of activities relating to construction / development of the qualifying asset up to the date of capitalisation of such asset are added to the cost of the assets. Capitalisation of borrowing costs is suspended and charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss during extended periods when active development activity on the qualifying assets is interrupted.
All other borrowing costs are recognised as an expense in the period which they are incurred.
(o) Segment Reporting - Identification of Segments
An operating segment is a component of the Company that engages in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses, whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the company's chief operating decision maker to make decisions for which discrete financial information is available. Based on the management approach as defined in Ind AS 108, the chief operating decision maker evaluates the Company's performance and allocates resources based on an analysis of various performance indicators by business segments and geographic segments.
(p) Earnings per share Basic earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing:
- the profit attributable to owners of the company
- by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the financial year, adjusted for bonus elements in equity shares issued during the year
Diluted earnings per share
Diluted earnings per share adjusts the figures used in the determination of basic earnings per share to take into account:
- the after income tax effect of interest and other financing costs associated with dilutive potential equity
- the weighted average number of additional equity shares that would have been outstanding assuming the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares.
(q) Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalent in the balance sheet comprise cash at banks and on hand and short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less, which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
For the purpose of the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and short-term deposits, as defined above, net of outstanding bank overdrafts as they are considered an integral part of the Company's cash management.
(r) Events after reporting date
Where events occuring after the balance sheet date provide evidence of conditions existed at the end of the reporting period, the impact of such events is adjusted within financial statements. Otherwise, events after the balance sheet date of material size or nature are only disclosed.
(s) Current/non current classification
The Company presents assets and liabilities in the balance sheet based on current/ non-current classification. An asset is treated as current when it is:
- Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle
- Held primarily for the purpose of trading
- Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period, or
- Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period
All other assets are classified as non-current.
A liability is current when:
- It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle
- It is held primarily for the purpose of trading
- It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or
- There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period
The company classifies all other liabilities as non-current.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non¬ current assets and liabilities.
The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents. The company has identified twelve months as its operating cycle.
(t) Dividends
The Company recognises a liability to make distributions to equity holders when the distribution is authorised and the distribution is no longer at the discretion of the Company. As per the corporate laws in India, a distribution is authorised when it is approved by the shareholders. A corresponding amount is recognised directly in equity.
(u) Rounding of amounts
All amounts disclosed in the financial statements and notes have been rounded off to the nearest Lakh as per the requirement of Schedule III, unless otherwise stated.
3 Significant accounting judgements, estimates and assumptions
The preparation of these financial statements in conformity with the recognition and measurement principles of Ind AS requires the management of the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported balances of assets and liabilities, disclosures relating to contingent liabilities as at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expense for the periods presented.
This note provides an overview of the areas that involved a higher degree of judgement or complexity, and of items which are more likely to be materially adjusted due to estimates and assumptions turning out to be different than those originally assessed. Detailed information about each of these estimates and judgements is included in relevant notes together with information about the basis of calculation for each affected line item in the financial statements.
Critical estimates and judgements
(i) Estimation of net realizable value for inventory
Inventory is stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value (NRV).
NRV for completed inventory is assessed by reference to market conditions and prices existing at the reporting date and is determined by the Company, based on comparable transactions identified.
(ii) Impairment of non - financial assets
The Company assesses, at each reporting date, whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Company estimates the asset's recoverable amount. An asset's recoverable amount is the higher of an asset's or cash-generating unit's (CGU) fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. Recoverable amount is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets or groups of assets. When the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount.
In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining fair value less costs of disposal, recent market transactions are taken into account. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate valuation model is used.
(iii) Recoverability of trade receivables
In case of trade receivables, the Company follows the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 - Financial Instruments for recognition of impairment loss allowance. The application of simplified approach does not require the Company to track changes in credit risk. The Company calculates the expected credit losses on trade receivables using a provision matrix on the basis of its historical credit loss experience.
(iv) Useful lives of property, plant and equipment/ intangible assets
The Company reviews the useful life of property, plant and equipment/intangible assets at the end of each reporting period. This reassessment may result in change in depreciation expense in future periods.
(v) Valuation of deferred tax assets
The Company reviews the carrying amount of deferred tax assets at the end of each reporting period. The policy for the same has been explained under Note above.
(vi) Defined benefit plans
The cost of the defined benefit gratuity plan and other post-employment medical benefits and the present value of the gratuity obligation are determined using actuarial valuations. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, future salary increases and mortality rates. Due to the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date.
ii. Terms/ rights attached to issued, subscribed and paid up equity shares
1. The Company has only one class of equity share having a par value of INR 1 per share. Each holder of equity shares is entitled to one vote per share. The Company declares and pays dividends in Indian Rupees.
2. The Company declares and pays dividends in Indian Rupees. The final dividend proposed by the Board of Directors is subject to the approval of the shareholders in the ensuing Annual General Meeting.
I. Nature of Security and Terms of Repayment
a. Equipment and vehicle loan balance outstanding amounting to INR 38.91 lakhs (March 31, 2025: INR Nil) is secured by hypothecation of specific assets and guaranteed by Directors. Repayable in 37 EMI of INR 1.36 lakhs starting from Nov., 2025. Last installment due in Nov, 2028 (Current Rate of Interest as on 31.03.2026 is 8.25% p.a.)
b. Equipment and vehicle loan balance outstanding amounting to INR 17.68 lakhs (March 31, 2025: 31.43 lakhs ) is secured by hypothecation of specific assets and guaranteed by Directors. Repayable in 37 EMI of INR 1.34 lakhs starting from May., 2024. Last installment due in May, 2027 (Current Rate of Interest as on 31.03.2026 is 9.00% p.a.)
c. Equipment and vehicle loan balance outstanding amounting to INR NIL (March 31, 2025: INR 7.87 lakhs) is secured by
hypothecation of specific assets and guaranteed by Directors. Repayable in 37 EMI of INR 1.34 lakhs starting from Sept., 2022. Last installment due in Sept, 2025 (Current Rate of Interest as on 31.03.2026 is 7.75% p.a.)
d. Vehicle loans balance outstanding amounting to NIL (March 31, 2025: INR 36.93 lakhs) is secured by hypothecation of
specific vehicle and guaranteed by Directors. Repayable in 39 EMI of Rs. 3.21 Lakhs starting from Jan, 2023 and last installment due in March, 2026. (Current Rate of Interest as on 31.03.2026 is 8.00% p.a.)
e. Vehicle loans balance outstanding amounting to NIL (March 31, 2025: INR 40.25 lakhs) is secured by hypothecation of specific vehicle and guaranteed by Directors. Repayable in 39 EMI of Rs. 4.62 Lakhs starting from October, 2022 and last installment due in December, 2025. (Current Rate of Interest as on 31.03.2026 is 7.90% p.a.)
f. Vehicle loans balance outstanding amounting to INR 16.59 lakhs (March 31, 2025: INR 33.35 Lakhs ) is secured by hypothecation of specific vehicle and guaranteed by Directors. Repayable in 36 EMI of Rs. 1.59 Lakhs starting from March, 2024 and last installment due in February, 2027. (Current Rate of Interest as on 31.03.2026 is 8.85% p.a.)
g. Vehicle loans balance outstanding amounting to INR 124.04 lakhs (March 31, 2025: INR 153.76 Lakhs ) is secured by
hypothecation of specific vehicle and guaranteed by Directors. Repayable in 60 EMI of Rs. 3.52 Lakhs starting from
September, 2024 and last installment due in August, 2029. (Current Rate of Interest as on 31.03.2026 is 8.95% p.a.)
h. Vehicle loans balance outstanding amounting to INR 84.25 lakhs (March 31, 2025: NIL ) is secured by hypothecation of specific vehicle and guaranteed by Directors. Repayable in 60 EMI of Rs. 2.05 Lakhs starting from May, 2025 and last installment due in April, 2030. (Current Rate of Interest as on 31.03.2026 is 7.75% p.a.)
i. Unsecured loan (Inter-corporate deposit) from others balance outstanding amounting to INR 1154.48 Lakhs (March 31,2025: NIL). Repayable on completion of 2 years (Rate of Interest 7.75% p.a.)
(i) Leave Obligations
The leave obligations cover the company's liability for earned leave.
The amount of the provision of INR 54.97 Lakhs (March 31, 2025: INR 58.27 Lakhs) is presented as current, since the company does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement for any of these obligations.
(ii) Post Employement obligations
(A) Gratuity
The company provides for gratuity for employees in india as per the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972. Permanent Employees who are in continuous service for a period of five years and Fixed Term Employees who renders service for a period of one year are eligible for gratuity. The amount of gratuity is payable on retirement/ termination of service.
The gratuity plan is a funded plan and the Company makes contribution to recognised Gratuity Fund managed by the trust.
(B) Defined contribution plans
The company also has defined contribution plans. The company pays provident fund contributions to approved provident fund trust and publicly administered provident funds. Contributions are made at the rate of 12% of basic salary as per regulations. The obligation of the company is limited to the amount contributed and it has no further contractual nor any contructive obligation. The expense recognised during the period towards defined contribution plan is INR 230.62 Lakhs (March 31, 2025: INR 251.23 Lakhs).
34. SEGMENT REPORTING
A. Information about operating segment
The Company has only one reportable segment i.e Mining & Processing of Natural Stone. Hence segmental reporting is not applicable as per the Indian Accountin Standards.
B. Information about revenue based on geographical areas
The company is domiciled in India. The amount of its revenue from external customers broken down by location of the customers is shown in the table below:
The management assessed that the fair value of cash and cash equivalent, trade receivables, trade payables and other current financial assets and liabilities approximate their carrying amounts largely due to the short term maturities of these instruments.
The fair values for loans and other non current financial assets were calculated based on cash flows discounted using a current lending rate. They are classified as level 3 fair values in the Fair value hierarchy due to the inclusion of unobservable inputs including counterparty credit risk.
The fair values of non current borrowings are based on discounted cash flows using a current borrowing rate. They are classified as level 3 fair values in the fair value hierarchy due to the use of unobservable inputs, including own credit risk.
ii. Fair Value Hierarchy
This section explains the judgements and estimates made in determining the fair values of the financial instruments that are recognised and measure at fair value. To provide an indication about the reliability of the inputs used in determing fair value, the company has classified its financial instruments into three levels prescribed under the accounting standard. An explanation of each level follows underneath the table:
Level 1 - Level 1 hierarchy includes financial instruments measured using quoted prices. This includes listed equity instruments and mutual fund units.
Level 2 - The fair value of financial instruments that are not traded in an active market is determined using valuation techniques which maximise the use of observable market data and rely as little as possible on entity-specific estimates. If all significant inputs required to fair value an instrument are observable, the instrument is included in level 2.
Level 3 - If one or more of the significant inputs are not based on observable market data, the instrument is included in level 3. This is the case for unlisted equity shares and Mutual Funds / Alternative Investment Fund.
iii. Valuation technique used to determine fair value
Specific Valuation techniques used to value financial instruments include:
- the use of quoted market prices or dealer quotes for similar instruments
- the fair value of the remaining financial instruments is determined using discounted cash flow analysis
36. FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT
The Company's activity exposes it to market risk, liquidity risk and credit risk. Company's overall risk management focuses on the unpredictibility of financial markets and seeks to minimise potential adverse effects on the financial performance of the company. This note explains the sources of risk which the entity is exposed to and how the company manages the risk.
(A) Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk that the counterparty will not meet its obligations leading to a financial loss. Credit risk arises from cash and cash equivalents, financial assets carried at amortised cost and deposits with banks and financial institutions, as well as credit exposures to customers including outstanding receivables.
i. Credit risk management
Credit risk has always been managed by the company through credit approvals, establishing credit limits and continuously monitoring the creditworthiness of customers to which the company grants credit terms in the normal course of business.
The company considers the probability of default upon initial recognition of asset and whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk on an ongoing basis throughout each reporting period. To assess whether there is a significant increase in credit risk the Company compares the risk of a default occurring on the asset as at the reporting date with the risk of default as at the date of initial recognition. It considers available reasonable and supportive forwarding-looking information.
In general, it is presumed that credit risk has significantly increased since initial recognition if the payments are more than 90 days past due.
A default on a financial asset is when the counterparty fails to make contractual payments of when they fall due. This definition of default is determined by considering the business environment in which entity operates and other macro¬ economic factors.
ii. Provision for expected credit losses
The company follows 'simplified approach' for recognition of loss allowance on Trade receivables
As a practical expedient, the Company uses a provision matrix to determine impairment loss allowance on portfolio of its trade receivables. The provision matrix is based on its historically observed default rates over the expected life of the trade receivables and is adjusted for forward-looking estimates. At every reporting date, the historical observed default rates are updated and changes in the forward-looking estimates are analyzed.
(B) Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they become due. The Company manages its liquidity risk by ensuring, as far as possible, that it will always have sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities when due. The Company consistently generated sufficient cash flows from operations to meet its financial obligations. Also, the Company has unutilized credit limits with banks.
Management monitors rolling forecasts of the company's liquidity position (comprising the undrawn borrowing facilities) and cash and cash equivalents on the basis of expected cash flows. In addition, the company's liquidity management policy involves projecting cash flows and considering the level of liquid assets necessary to meet these, monitoring balance sheet liquidity ratios against internal and external regulatory requirements.
Maturities of financial liabilities
The tables have been drawn up based on the undiscounted cash flows of financial liabilities based on the earliest date on which the Company can be required to pay. In the table below, borrowings include both interest and principal cash flows. To the extent that interest rates are floating rate, the undiscounted amount is derived from interest rate curves at the end of the reporting period.
(C) Market risk
Market risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of change in market prices. Market risk comprises three types of risk: foreign currency risk, interest rate risk and other price risk such as commodity risk.
(i) Foreign currency risk
Foreign currency risk is the risk of impact related to fair value or future cash flows of an exposure in foreign currency, which fluctuate due to changes in foreign exchange rates. The Company's exposure to the risk of changes in foreign exchange rates relates primarily to the export receivables.
The Company evaluates exchange rate exposure arising from foreign currency transactions and follows established risk management policies and standard operating procedures to mitigate the risks.
(ii) Interest rate risk
Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. The Compnay's exposure to the risk of changes in market interest rates relates primarily to the Group's long-term debt obligations with floating interest rates. The Company manages its interest rate risk by having a balanced portfolio of fixed and variable rate loans and borrowings.
Interest rate sensitivity
The following table demonstrates the sensitivity to a reasonably possible change in interest rates on that portion of loans and borrowings affected. With all other variables held constant, the Company's profit before tax is affected through the impact on floating rate borrowings, as follows:
Note: The above analysis is prepared for floating rate liabilities assuming the amount of the liability outstanidng at the end of the reporting period was outstanding for the whole year and the assumed movement in basis points for the interest rate sensitivity analysis is based on the currently observable market environment.
(iii) Commodity Price risk
The company is affected by the price volatility of certain commodities. Its operating activities require the continous purchase of High Speed Diesel (HSD). Due to the significantly increased volatility of the price of the HSD and the regulatory changes, the company is exposed to price risk. The Company has a risk management framework aimed at prudently managing the arising from the volatility in commodity prices.
37. CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
For the purpsoe of the company's capital management, capital includes issued equity capital and all other equity reserves attributable to the equity share holders. The primary objective of the Company's capital management is to maximise the shareholder value.
The company manages its capital structure and makes adjustments in light of changes in economic conditions and the requirements of the financial covenants. To maintain or adjust the capital structure, the company may adjust the dividend payment to shareholders, return capital to shareholders or issue new shares.
38. ADDITIONAL REGULATORY INFORMATION REQUIRED BY SCHEDULE III TO THE COMPANIES ACT, 2013
(i) There is no immovable properties whose tiltle deeds are not held in the name of the Company.
(ii) The Company does not have any investment Property which is required to be measured at fair value during the year. Hence disclosure about valuation by a registered valuer is not required.
(iIi) The Company has not revalued any Property, Plant and Equipment and Intangible Assets during the year. Hence disclosure about valuation by a registered valuer is not required.
(iv) The Company has not granted any Loans or Advances in the nature of loans to promoters, directors, KMPs and the related parties as defined under Companies Act, 2013.
(v) The Company does not have any benami property held in its name. No proceedings have been initiated on or are pending against the Company for holding benami property under the Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Act, 1988 (45 of 1988) and Rules made thereunder. Hence disclosure about benami property is not required.
(vi) The Company has not been declared wilful defaulter by any Bank or financial institution or other lender or government or any government authority.
(vii) The Company does not have any transactions with companies struck off during the year .
(viii) The Company does not have any charges or satisfaction which is yet to be registered with ROC beyond the statutory period.
(ix) The Company does not have any layers of company as prescribed under clause (87) of section 2 of the Act read with Companies (Restriction on number of Layers) Rules, 2017, hence clauses related to compliance with number of layers of companies are not applicable to the company.
(xi) As there is no Scheme of Arrangements required to be approved by the Competent Authority in terms of sections 230 to 237 of the Companies Act, 2013, hence no diclousre is required about the accounting of effect of Scheme of Arrangements in the books of account of the Company in accordance with the Scheme of Arrangements and accounting standards.
(xii) Utilisation of Borrowed Fund & Share Premium
The Company has not received any fund from any person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Funding Party) with the understanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the Company shall: (a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or (b) provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the ultimate beneficiaries.
The Company has not advanced or lent or invested funds to any other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Intermediaries) with the understanding that the Intermediary shall: (a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Company (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or (b) provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
(xiii) There is no income surrendered or disclosed as income during the year in tax assessments under the Income Tax Act, 1961 (such as search or survey etc.), that has not been recorded in the books of account.
(xiv) Company not traded or invested in crypto currency or virtual currency during the financial year. Hence disclosure about crypto currency or virtual currency is not required.
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