(d) Provision, contingent liabilities and contingent assets
A provision is recognized if, as a result of a past event, the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation that can be estimated reliably, and it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation. Provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows (representing the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the balance sheet date) at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability. The unwinding of the discount is recognized under finance costs. Expected future operating losses are not provided for. Provision in respect of loss contingencies relating to claims, litigations, assessments, fines and penalties are recognized when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be estimated reliably.
Contingent liabilities and contingent assets:
A contingent liability exists when there is a possible but not probable obligation, or a present obligation that may, but probably will not, require an outflow of resources, or a present obligation whose amount cannot be estimated reliably. Contingent liabilities do not warrant provisions, but are disclosed unless the possibility of outflow of resources is remote.
Contingent assets has to be recognized in the standalone financial statements in the period in which if it is virtually certain that an inflow of economic benefits will arise.
(e) Earnings per share
Basic Earnings Per Share ('EPS') is computed by dividing the net profit attributable to the equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.
Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the net profit by the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving basic earnings per share and also the weighted average number of equity shares that could have been issued upon conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares. Dilutive potential equity shares are deemed converted as of the beginning of the year, unless issued at a later date. In computing diluted earnings per share, only potential equity shares that are dilutive and that either reduces earnings per share or increases loss per share are included. The number of shares and potentially dilutive equity shares are adjusted retrospectively for all periods presented for the share splits.
(f) Property, plant and equipment
i) Recognition and measurement
Property, Plant and Equipment (‘PPE’) are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment loss, if any. Cost of an item of property, plant and equipment comprises its purchase price, including import duties and non refundable purchase taxes, after deducting trade discounts and rebates, any directly attributable cost of bringing the item to its working condition for its intended use and estimated costs of dismantling and removing the item and restoring the site on which it is located. If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment.
Subsequent costs are included in the asset’s carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognized when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to statement of profit or loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred. If an item of property, plant and equipment is purchased with deferred credit period from supplier, such asset is recorded at its cash price equivalent value.
ii) Depreciation
Depreciation is provided using the Straight-line Method over the useful lives of the assets as estimated by the Management. Depreciation on additions and deletions are restricted to the period of use. Depreciation is charged to statement of profit and loss.
Depreciation is calculated over the depreciable amount, which is the cost of an asset, or other amount substituted for cost, less its residual value. The Company, based on technical assessment and management estimate, depreciates property, plant and equipment over estimated useful life prescribed in Schedule II to the Act. The Management believes that these estimated useful lives are realiztic and reflect fair approximation of the period over which the assets are likely to be used. The Company has estimated the following useful lives to provide depreciation on its property, plant and equipment:
Asset category Management estimate of useful life & Useful life as
Buildings 5 to 60 Years
Plant & Machinery 10 to 15 Years
Mining Equipment 8 Y ears
Vehicles 8 to 10 Years
Computers 3 to 6 Y ears
An asset’s carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount if the asset’s carrying amount is greater than its estimated recoverable amount. Gains or losses arising from disposal of property, plant and equipment which are carried at cost are recognized in the statement of profit and loss.
Depreciation method, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted if appropriate.
(iii) Expenditure during construction period:
Capital work-in-progress (CWIP) includes cost of PPE under installation/ under development, net of accumulated impairment loss, if any, as at the balance sheet date. Expenditure/ income during construction period (including financing cost related to borrowed funds for construction or acquisition of qualifying PPE) is included under Capital Work-in-Progress, and the same is allocated to the respective PPE on the completion of their construction.
Depreciation is not recorded on capital work-in-progress until construction and installation is complete and the asset is ready for its intended use.
Advances given towards acquisition or construction of PPE outstanding at each reporting date are disclosed as Capital advances under "Other non¬ current Assets"
(g) Leases
The Company assesses at contract inception whether a contract is, or contains, a lease. That is, if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.
Company as a lessee
The Company recognises right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for all leases except for short-term leases and leases of low-value assets.
The Company applies the available practical expedients wherein it:
(a) Used a single discount rate to a portfolio of leases with reasonably similar characteristics
(b) Relies on its assessment of whether leases are onerous immediately before the date of initial application
(c) Applies the short-term leases exemptions to leases with lease term that ends within 12 months at the date of initial application
(d) Includes the initial direct costs from the measurement of the right-of-use asset at the date of initial application
(e) Uses hindsight in determining the lease term where the contract contains options to extend or terminate the lease
Right of Use Assets:
The company recognises right-of-use assets at the commencement date of the lease (i.e., the date the underlying asset is available for use.
The cost of right-of-use assets includes the amount of lease liabilities recognised, initial direct costs incurred, and lease payments made at or before the commencement date less any lease incentives received.
The right-of-use assets are also subject to impairment. Refer note ‘m’ for impairment of non-financial assets.
Lease Liability
The Company recognise the lease liability at the present value of the lease payments discounted at the incremental borrowing rate at the date of initial application. The lease payments include fixed payments (including in substance fixed payments) less any lease incentives receivable, variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate, and amounts expected to be paid under residual value guarantees. The lease payments also include the exercise price of a purchase option reasonably certain to be exercised by the Company and payments of penalties for terminating the lease, if the lease term reflects the Company exercising the option to terminate. Variable lease payments that do not depend on an index or a rate are recognised as expenses (unless they are incurred to produce inventories) in the period in which the event or condition that triggers the payment occurs For a lease modification that is not a separate lease, at the effective date of the modification, the lessee accounts for the lease modification by remeasuring the lease liability using a discount rate determined at that date and the lessee makes a corresponding adjustment to the right-of-use asset.
Low value Asset covers all leases which are short term in nature.
Subsequent measurement of lease liability
The lease liability is remeasured when there is change in future lease payments arising from a change in an index or a rate, or a change in the estimate of the guaranteed residual value, or a change in the assessment of purchase, extension or termination option. When the lease liability is measured, the corresponding adjustment is reflected in the right-of-use asset.
(h) Intangible Assets
Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less any accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses. Intangible assets are amortized over the useful economic life assessed which ranges from 3-6 years and tested for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired. The amortization period and the amortization method for an intangible asset are reviewed at the end of each reporting period. Changes in the expected useful life or the expected pattern of consumption of future economic benefits embodied in the asset are considered to modify the amortization period or method, as appropriate, and are treated as changes in accounting estimates. The amortization expense on intangible assets recognized in the statement of profit and loss unless such expenditure forms part of carrying value of another asset.
(i) Intangible assets under development
The company capitalises intangible asset under development for a project in accordance with the accounting policy. Initial capitalisation of costs is based on management’s judgement that technological and economic feasibility is confirmed, usually when a product development project has reached a defined milestone according to an established project management model. In determining the amounts to be capitalised, management makes assumptions regarding the expected future cash generation of the project, discount rates to be applied and the expected period of benefits.
(j) Investment in subsidiaries and Joint venture
Investments in subsidiaries and j oint ventures are initially accounted for at cost of acquisition less impairment, if any. Dividend Income from subsidiaries and joint venture are recognized when its right to receive the dividend is established.
(k) Financial instruments
A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.
i) Initial Recognition and measurement
Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially recognized when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. A financial asset or financial liability is initially measured at fair value plus, for an item not at fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL), transaction costs that are directly attributable to its acquisition or issue.
ii) Classification and subsequent measurement Financial assets
All financial assets except Trade receivables are initially measured at fair value plus, for an item not at fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL), transaction costs that are directly attributable to its acquisition or issue.
Subsequent measurement:
For the purpose of subsequent measurement, financial assets are categorised as under:
- Amortised cost;
- Fair Value through Other Comprehensive Income (FVOCI); or
- Fair Value through Profit or Loss (FVTPL)
Financial assets are not reclassified subsequent to their initial recognition, except if and in the period the Company changes its business model for managing financial assets.
A financial asset is measured at amortised cost if it meets both of the following conditions and is not designated as at FVTPL:
- the asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets to collect contractual cash flows; and
- the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
On initial recognition of an equity investment that is not held for trading, the Company may irrevocably elect to present subsequent changes in the investment’s fair value in OCI (designated as FVOCI - equity investment). This election is made on an investment-by-investment basis.
All financial assets not classified as measured at amortised cost or FVOCI as described above are measured at FVTPL. This includes all derivative financial assets. On initial recognition, the Company may irrevocably designate a financial
asset that otherwise meets the requirements to be measured at amortised cost or at FVOCI as at FVTPL if doing so eliminates or significantly reduces an accounting mismatch that would otherwise arise.
Financial assets at amortised cost: These assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. The amortised cost is reduced by impairment losses. Interest income, foreign exchange gains and losses and impairment are recognized in profit or loss. Any gain or loss on derecognition is recognized in profit or loss.
Equity investments at FVOCI: These assets are subsequently measured at fair value. Dividends are recognized as income in profit or loss unless the dividend clearly represents a recovery of part of the cost of the investment. Other net gains and losses are recognized in OCI and are not reclassified to profit or loss.
Financial assets at FVTPL: These assets are subsequently measured at fair value. Net gains and losses, including any interest or dividend income, are recognized in profit or loss.
Impairment of financial assets
In accordance with Ind AS 109, Financial Instruments, the Company applies expected credit loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss on financial assets that are measured at amortized cost and FVOCI.
For recognition of impairment loss on financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines that whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, 12-month ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used. If in subsequent years, credit quality of the instrument improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since inital recognition, then the entity reverts to recognizing impairment loss allowance based on twelve (12) month ECL.
Life time ECLs are the expected credit losses resulting from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument, The twelve (12) month ECLis a portion of the lifetime ECL which results from default events that are possible within twelve (12) months after the year end.
ECL isthe difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the entity expects to receive (i.e all shortfalls), discounted at the original EIR. When estimating the cash flows, an entity is required to consider all contractual terms of the financial instrument (including prepayment, extension etc.) over the expected life of the financial instrument. However, in rare cases when the expected life of the financial instrument cannot be estimated reliably, then the entity is required to use the remaining contractual term of the financial instrument.
In general, itis presumed that credit risk has significantly increased if the payment is over due.
ECL impairment loss allowance (or reversal) recognized during the year is recognized as income/expense in the statement of profit and loss. In balance sheet ECL for financial assets measured at amortized cost is presented as an allowance, i.e, as an integral part of the measurement of those assets in the balance sheet, The allowance reduces the net carrying amount. Until the asset meets write off criteria, the Company does not reduce impairment allowance from the gross carrying amount.
Financial liabilities:
Financial liabilities are classified as measured at amortised cost or FVTPL. A financial liability is classified as at FVTPL if it is classified as held- for-trading, or it is a derivative or it is designated as such on initial recognition. Financial liabilities at FVTPL are measured at fair value and net gains and losses, including any interest expense, are recognized in statement of profit or loss. Other financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Interest expense and foreign exchange gains and losses are recognized in statement of profit or loss.
iii) Derecognition Financial assets
A Financial asset is primarily derecognized when the right to receive the contractual cash flows in a transaction in which substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset are transferred or in which the Company neither transfers nor retains substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership and does not retain control of the financial asset.If the Company enters into transactions whereby it transfers assets recognized on its balance sheet, but retains either all or substantially all of the risks and rewards of the transferred assets, the transferred assets are not derecognized.
Financial liabilities
The Company derecognizes a financial liability when its contractual obligations are discharged or cancelled, or expired. The Company also derecognizes a financial liability when its terms are modified and the cash flows under the modified terms are substantially different. In this case, a new financial liability based on the modified terms is recognized at fair value. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability extinguished and the new financial liability with modified terms is recognized in profit or loss.
iv) Offsetting
Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount reported in the balance sheet if there is a currently and legally enforceable right to set off the amounts and it intends either to settle them on a net basis or to realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
(l) Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost of inventories comprises all cost of purchase, cost of conversion and other costs incurrred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and costs to be incurred in marketing, selling and distribution. Costs incurred in bringing each product to Its present location and condition are accounted for as follows .
(i) Raw materials:
Cost includes purchase price, (excluding those subsequently recoverable by the Company from the concerned revenue authorities), freight inwards and other expenditure incurred in bringing such inventories to their present location and condition. Cost is determined on weighted average basis. Raw Materials are valued at lower of cost and net realisable value (NRV). However, these items are considered to be realisable at cost, if the finished products, in which they will be used, are expected to be sold at or above cost. These items are considered to be realizable at replacement cost if the finished goods, in which they will be used, are expected to be sold below cost.
(ii) Finished goods and work in progress (WIP):
Cost includes cost of direct materials and labour and a proportion of manufacturing overheads based on the normal operating capacity but excludes borrowing costs.
It is valued at lower of cost and NRV. Cost of finished goods and WIP includes cost of raw materials, cost of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost of inventories is computed on weighted average basis.
(iii) Provision for inventory
Provision of obsolescence on inventories is considered basis the management’s estimate, based on demand and market of the inventories.
(m) Impairment of non-financial assets
The Company's non-financial assets, other than inventories and deferred tax assets, are reviewed at each reporting date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists, then the asset's recoverable amount is estimated.
For impairment testing, assets that do not generate independent cash inflows are grouped together into cash-generating units (CGUs). Each CGU represents the smallest Company of assets that generates cash inflows that are largely independent of the cash inflows of other assets or CGUs.
The recoverable amount of a CGU (or an individual asset) is the higher of its value in use and its fair value less costs to sell. Value in use is based on the estimated future cash flows, discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the CGU (or the asset).
If the recoverable amount of an asset (or cash-generating unit) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash-generating unit) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised if the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its estimated recoverable amount. Impairment losses are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
In respect of assets for which impairment loss has been recognised in prior periods, the Company reviews at each reporting date whether there is any indication that the loss has decreased or no longer exists. An impairment loss is reversed if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. Such a reversal is made only to the extent that the asset's carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortisation, if no impairment loss has been recognised.
(n) Employee benefits
(a) Short-term employee benefits
A liability is recognised for benefits accruing to employees in respect of wages and salaries, including non-monetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within 12 months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service are recognised in respect of employees' services up to the end of the reporting period and are measured on an undiscounted basis at the amounts expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled. The liabilities are presented as current employee benefit obligations in the balance sheet.
(b) Other long-term employee benefit obligations
Liabilities recognised in respect of other long-term employee benefits are measured at the present value of the estimated future cash outflows expected to be made by the Company in respect of services provided by employees up to the reporting date.
(i) Defined contribution plans
A defined contribution plan is a post-employment benefit plan under which an entity pays fixed contributions into a separate entity and will have no legal or constructive obligation to pay further amounts. The Company makes specified monthly contributions towards Government administered provident fund scheme and other funds. Obligations for contributions to defined contribution plans are recognised as an employee benefit expense in statement of profit and loss in the periods during which the related services are rendered by employees.
(ii) Defined benefit plans
A defined benefit plan is a post-employment benefit plan other than a defined contribution plan. The liability or asset recognised in the balance sheet in respect of defined benefit plans is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period less the fair value of plan assets.
The present value of the defined benefit obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows by reference to market yields at the end of the reporting period on government bonds that have terms approximating to the terms of the related obligation.
Remeasurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in the period in which they occur, directly in other comprehensive income. They are included in retained earnings in the statement of changes in equity and in the balance sheet.
A liability for a termination benefit is recognised at the earlier of when the entity can no longer withdraw the offer of the termination benefit and when the entity recognises any related restructuring costs.
Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments or curtailments are recognised immediately in profit or loss as past service cost.
(iii) Compensated Absences:
Compensated Absences: Accumulated compensated absences, which are expected to be availed or encashed within 12 months from the end of the year are treated as short term employee benefits. The obligation towards the same is measured at the expected cost of accumulating compensated absences as the additional amount expected to be paid as a result of the unused entitlement as at the year end.
(o) Cash flow statement
Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby net profit/ (loss) before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments and item of income or expenses associated with investing or financing cash flows. The cash flows from regular revenue generating (operating activities), investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated.
(p) Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents in the Balance Sheet comprise cash at bank and in hand and short-term deposits with banks that are readily convertible into cash which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value and are held for the purpose of meeting short-term cash commitments.
(q) Foreign currency transactions and balances
In preparing the Standalone Financial Statements of the Company, transactions in currencies other than the Company’s functional currency (i.e. foreign currencies) are recognised at the rates of exchange prevailing at the dates of the transactions. At the end of each reporting period, monetary items denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the rates prevailing at that date.
Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at INR spot rates of exchange at the reporting date. Exchange differences arising on settlement or translation of monetary items are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
Net loss relating to translation or settlement of borrowings denominated in foreign currency are reported within finance costs. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the dates of the initial transactions. Non-monetary items measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value is determined. The gain or loss arising on translation of non-monetary items measured at fair value is treated in line with the recognition of the gain or loss on the change in fair value of the item (i.e., translation differences on items whose fair value gain or loss is recognised in OCI or profit or loss are also recognised in OCI or profit or loss, respectively).
In determining the spot exchange rate to use on initial recognition of the related asset, expense or income (or part of it) on the derecognition of a non-monetary asset or non-monetary liability relating to advance consideration, the date of the transaction is the date on which the Company initially recognises the nonmonetary asset or non-monetary liability arising from the advance consideration. If there are multiple payments or receipts in advance, the Company determines the transaction date for each payment or receipt of advance consideration.
(r) Recent accounting pronouncements
Ministry of Corporate Affairs (“MCA”) notifies new standards or amendments to the existing standards under Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issued from time to time. For the year ended March 31, 2025, MCA has not notified any new standards or amendments to the existing standards applicable to the Company.
From HDFC Bank Limited Primary security:
First Paripassu Charge in favor of the Bank by way of Hypothecation of the company's entire current assets present and future, First Paripassu charge on unencumbered fixed assets of the company present and future with Kotak Mahindra Bank.
First Paripassu Charge - Equitable Mortgage of properties mentioned in the property collateral template with Kotak Mahindra Bank for working capital limits.
Second Paripassu Charge - Equitable Mortgage of properties mentioned in the property collateral template with Kotak Mahindra Bank for GECL limits.
For WCTL GECL 2: Second charge on company's entire current assets present and future, second charge on unencumbered fixed assets of the company present and future with Kotak Mahindra Bank. Exclusive charge on Cash Margin (10%) in the form of FDR with Lien of HDFC Bank Ltd. marked on it for the Bank Guarantees/ Letter of credit.
Security deposit - Margin money deposit with principals.
Collateral security:
First Pari passu charge - Equitable mortgage of the Property located at Plot no.44/C, Admeasuring of 3413.70sq.yards situated at phase IV,IDA, Patna Cheru, Medak District - Telangana with Kotak Mahindra Bank.
The above loans carry's interest @ 3 Months T Bill rate plus 2.40 %
From South Indian Bank
Security:
Land admeasuring 10861.11 Sq. yards situated in D- Block of Industrial development area, in Sy no 48 part of Chinagantyada village, Visakhapatnam belonging to the company.
Personal guarantee:
Personal guarantee by two Directors (Mrs Soumya Kukreti and Mr. Kollareddy Ramachandra) and a two relative of Directors of the company (Mr. Kollareddy Rama Raghava Reddy and Mrs. Ranganayakamma Kollareddy)
First and pari passu charge on all present and future current assets & un encumbered movable fixed charge along with HDFC bank.
First and pari passu charge on Self occupied industrial property along with HDFC Bank on below property located at Plot No 44-C Phase v, ida Patancheru, Sangareddy Dist, TELANGANA, 502319 in the name of Midwest Ltd. (Nature of Charge-Equitable Mortgage).
The above loans carry interest @ 1M MCLR 00.05bps From RBL Bank Limited Primary Security:
First Pari Passu Charge on entire Current Assets of the Company both present and future.
Second Pari Passu Charge on entire Movable and Immovables Fixed Assets of Company both present and future.
Industrial Property situated at: Plot No. 24, Survey No. 41 and 42, Krishna Sagara Village, Attibele Hobli, Anekal Taluk, Attibele, Karnataka.
Personal Guarantee:
Personal Guarantee by two relatives of Directors of the company (Mr. Kollareddy Rama Raghava Reddy and Mrs Ranganayakamma Kollareddy).
The above loans carry interest @ 1MCLR p.a.
From Shinhan Bank
Security: Duly and unconditionally accepted documents (bills) backed by Letter of Credits.
The above loans carry's interest @ SOFR plus spread p.a
(b) The quarterly return submitted with bank are in agreement of the books of accounts.
38. Employee benefits
(a) Defined benefit plan Gratuity:
The Company provides Gratuity for employees in India as per the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972. All employees are entitled to gratuity benefits on exit from service due to retirement, resignation or death. There is a vesting period of 5 years on exits due to retirement or resignation. This defined benefit plans expose the Company to actuarial risks, such as longevity risk, interest rate risk and market (investment) risk. The present value of the defined benefit obligation and the relevant current service cost are measured using the Projected Unit Credit Method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at each Balance sheet date.
(b) Defined contribution plan
Provident fund and employee state insurance:
Contributions were made to provident fund and employee state insurance in India for the employees of the company as per the regulations. These contributions are made to registered funds administered by the Government of India. The obligation of the company is limited to the amount contributed and it has no further contractual nor any other constructive obligation.
(c) Amount recognised as expenses
(i) Defined benefit plan:
Gratuity expenses for the year March 31,2025 aggregate to ? 6.41 Mn(March 31, 2024: ? 5.24 Mn). The gratuity plan is unfunded (refer note 33).
(ii) Provident fund and employee state insurance:
Contribution towards employee provident fund and others, which is a defined contribution plan for the year ended March 31, 2025 aggregated to ? 6.55 Mn (March 31, 2024: 6.13 Mn).
(i) Direct Tax
The Assessing Officer (AO) disallowed the deduction under Section 10B claimed by the Company, asserting that the extraction and processing of granite blocks do not qualify as a manufacturing activity, and thus, the company is not eligible for the deduction under Section 10AA. Additionally, the AO disallowed the additional depreciation claimed under Section 32(1 )(iia). However, both the CIT(A) and the ITAT held that cutting, polishing, and sizing of granite blocks constitute a manufacturing activity. Consequently, they allowed the deduction under Section 10B and the additional depreciation under Section 32(1 )(iia) of the Act. Based on the information provided, it is understood that the Revenue has filed an appeal before the High Court (HC) against the ITAT's order, and the HC's verdict is still pending. The Company has received favourable order from lower appellate authorities. Further, the Company is relying on the favourable judicial precedents for its argument to this subject matter. However, considering that the revenue wants to litigate the matter before HC and the amount involved which is ? 125.16 Mn.
The Assessing Officer (AO) initiated proceedings under Section 163(1) of the Act and issued a notice to assess or reassess the income of a non-resident in the hands of the company as a representative assessee. The Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals) [CIT(A)] upheld the AO's order. Aggrieved by the CIT(A) order, the company filed an appeal before the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal (ITAT) challenging the validity ofthe notice. The ITAT held that, according to Subsection (3) of Section 149, the assessment under Section 148 on the representative assessee cannot be made after the expiry of two years from the end of the relevant assessment year. Consequently, the ITAT set aside the AO's order and allowed the company's appeal.
Subsequently Revenue filed a cross appeal before the ITAT, and the company filed cross objections. The ITAT reaffirmed its earlier decision and dismissed both the Revenue's appeal and the company's cross objections. Aggrieved by the ITAT's order, the Revenue has filed an appeal before the High Court (HC). As the Company has received favourable order from ITAT and the hearings before High Court on the income tax appeal is yet to be scheduled, amount involved in this matter is ? 11.84 Mn.
A.O reopened the assessment under section 147 of the Act and issued notice under section 148 of the Act on March 30, 2019, based on the information received from DCIT wherein it was mentioned that a search action was conducted against Shri Praveen Agarwal group and during the course of search operation it was found out that the assessee-Company had received an amount of ? 1.70 Mn from Ms. Grow fast Realtors (P) Ltd., a company controlled by Shri Praveen Agarwal through Dhanalaxmi Bank Ltd. during the year. AO passed reassessment order, wherein an addition of ? 1.70 Mn as unexplained credit under section 68 of the Act was made.
(ii) Goods and Service Tax
The issue involves payment of tax under RCM on royalty @ 18% from 2017 to 2020. In this regard, the company contends that they have discharged RCM for royalty for the period 2018-19 @ 12% as applicable rate in case of granites. Further, post clarification issued by circular no. 164/20/2021 GST dated October 06, 2021, the company has discharged tax under RCM @ 18% starting from 2019-20. However, the department has issued notice for the differential tax for 2018-19 and also demanding tax for 2017-18. Amounting of contingent liability involved in this matter is ? 9.96 Mn.
The issue is related to royalty paid to the Government against the license for the mining of granite from the quarry. The company's contention is that the transaction being the transfer ofproperty in goods, it does not amount to service and hence is not liable to service tax and that it amounts to tax on tax considering the royalty as 'tax'. The taxability of Royalty on mining operations or explorations is a matter of litigation with regard to whether it is “service’ or ‘tax ‘. The said issue is pending before the larger Bench of nine judges of the Supreme Court in respect of Service Tax liability in the pre-GST Period. The recovery of the service tax on Royalty on mining lease has been stayed by the Supreme Court. Similarly, whether the taxability of royalty on account of mining operations is ‘goods’ or ‘services’ is also a matter of conflicting views. Considering the complexity of the taxability of the transaction involved, we are of the view that the pending litigation could be contingent liability amounting to ? 16.93 Mn
(iii) Excise duty and Customs duty
Contingent liability araised due to exemption availed towards central excise duty for violation of conditions of U/ Notification Nos. 52/2003-Customs: dt: March 31, 2003 and towards central excise duty for violation of conditions of U/Notification Nos. 22/2003-Central Excise: dt: March 31, 2003. The issue pertains to EOU unit moving goods out of the bonded premises is in violation of conditions specified U/ Notification Nos. 52/2003-Customs: dt: March 31, 2003. However, as contended by the Company, the place where the granites are moved is also part of same EOU. Hence, there is no violation of conditions specified and the assessee is eligible for the exemption mentioned. Further, the assessee contended that they have claimed exemption based on clause d of the said notifications. However, the commissioner alleged that there is no processing or manufacture ofproduction carried out by the company in the instant case and hence denying the benefits under both notifications. In this regard, the assessee has contended on the ground that the development commissioner has allowed the license only after due verification and acknowledges the fact that the assessee is engaged in manufacturing. Assessee also relied on various case laws and considered the definition of manufacture which is much wider to accommodate all the activities carried out. Further the assessee also mentioned about the income tax benefits availed by them are with respect to manufacturing entity. Whether the mining qualifies as manufacture is a matter of debate as manufacture typically involves conversion from one form to another.
(iv) Entry Tax
The erstwhile AP government enacted the Entry Tax Act levying taxes on notified goods that were brought into the State of AP. Under this Act, any notified good that was imported from other States was to face an entry tax. The AP High Court before its bifurcation in the year 2007 had struck down the Entry Tax Act as unconstitutional. The Revenue appealed the decision to the Supreme Court. In the case of Jindal Stainless Limited 2016 (11) SCALE 1, the Apex Court reversed the decision and upheld the levy of entry tax. Pursuant to the orders of the Supreme Court, assessing authorities started proceedings against businesses. Section 3(2) does not levy entry tax on goods that are imported “to be used as an input for the manufacture of other goods.” The crucial words here are “inputs” “for” and “manufacture". Every importer will need to assess whether goods that have been imported have been used as inputs for manufacturing other goods. The Supreme Court in a catena of cases has interpreted “inputs” broadly to include goods that are not just present in the final items but also items that are consumed in the manufacturing process. The High Court ofAP has held that an input is any item that enters into the system and should be interpreted for any item which is a raw material in the widest sense possible in the case of KGF Cottons Private Limited (81 VST 1) In the current scenario, diesel is used for the machinery or vehicle used for quarrying operations, whether the mining qualifies as manufacture is a matter of debate as manufacture typically involves conversion from one form to another. Since mining involves extraction of minerals, it may not qualify as a typical manufacturing activity. As of now, there is a conditional order passed by the High Courts to deposit 25% of the disputed tax in order to seek a stay of the remainder 75% of the disputed tax. The final hearings for this batch of matters are pending.
(v) Other disputes/ matters
(a) Case of a past employee against the company
A past employee filed a case in the regional labour court (RLC), Hyderabad against the company claiming additional wages contesting the wage paid to him was not satisfying the minimum wages Act, and also claiming gratuity for the period of services i.e. April 01, 2018 to April 12, 2022. The documents are under Scrutiny by RLC, Hyderabad.
(b) APMDC - CLAUSE 17 case against the company:
APMDC has filed a cased against the company for recovery of penalty imposed against non-performance of a contract vide case no. W.P.20301/2010. The company has submitted its counter affidavit and the case is under adjudication.
(c) Liquidator of BEML has filed Petition against the company:
An unsettled creditor of BEML Midwest Limited called Action Group Associates filed an IRP against the company claiming that the monies which are due to this entity from the entities i.e. BEML Ltd. And Midwest Limited shall be recovered and settle their dues. Citing the claim of the creditor, the Resolution Professional has intern filed the IRP against BEML Ltd. and Midwest Limited Vide Petition No.CP (IB) No.231/9/Hdb/2023 U/s 9 of IBC for the amount ? 106.79 Mn. Midwest Limited has submitted its counter to the NCLT and the NCLT has rejected the application vide judgement dated August 14, 2024 .
(d) Recovery Case against Debtor
The company has filed the case for recovery of receivable dues amounting to ? 1.02 Mn against the party. The party has inturn filed a counter claim of ? 4.13 Mn for recovery of damages caused against supply of poor material. Both the cases are under adjudication in City Civil Court.
(e) Demand of Royalty from Office of ADMG - Telangana:
The Office of the ASST. Director of Mines and Geology - Suryapet has issued a demand notice for royalty for the quarry of ChimiryalaVillage, Kodad Mandal for an amount of ? 74.38 Mn. The Company filed petion at High Court of Telangana against the demand notice. The Court has given stay order against the demand notice and the company is pursuing legal course.
(vi) Other claims and Guarantees
(a) Corporate guarantees:
The company has given corporate guarantees to:
(i) HDFC Bank Ltd for the credit facilities extended to its subsidiary company Midwest Neostone Private Limited
(ii) Kotak Mahindra Bank/ RBL Bank for the working capital facilities extended to its subsidiary company Andhra Pradesh Granite (Midwest) Private Limited.
(b) Bank Guarantee and Letter of Credit:
(i) The company has provided a bank guarantees amounting to ? 21.00 Mn in favour of APMDC Ltd. These guarantees are given towards the performance security for operation of black galaxy granite mine of Block -IV at Chimakurthy, Andhra Pradesh.
(ii) Other guarantees has given to Assistant Director of Mines & Geology towards security deposits.
(c) On account of Bonds executed with Customs authorities:
Bonds executed with the Customs Authorities to claim the import duty exemption on import of machinery against an obligation to export goods as per the terms of EPCG License.
The management assessed that fair value of investments, cash and short-term deposits, trade receivables, trade payables, and other current financial assets and liabilities approximate their carrying amounts largely due to the short-term maturities of these instruments.
The fair value of the financial assets and liabilities is included at the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or liquidation sale.
44 Financial risk management
The Board oversees the risk management frame work, develops and monitors the company's risk management policies. The risk management policies are established to ensure timely identification and evaluation of the risks, setting acceptable risk thresholds, identifying and mapping controls against these risks, monitor the risks and their limits, improve risk awareness and transparency. Risk management policies and systems are reviewed regularly to reflect changes in the market conditions and company's activities to provide reliable information to the management and the Board to evaluate the adequacy of the risk management frame work in relation to the risk faced by the Company.
The Management policies aims to mitigate the following risks arising from the financial instruments
A. Market Risk
B. Credit Risk
C. Liquidity Risk
A. Market Risk
Market risk is the risk of any loss in future earnings, in realising fair values or in future cash flows that may result from a change in the price of a financial instrument. The value of a financial instrument may change as a result of changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and other market changes. Future specific market movements cannot be normally predicted with reasonable accuracy.
(i) Foreign Currency Exchange Risk
The Company's functional currency is Indian National Rupees (?). The Company undertakes transactions denominated in foreign currencies; consequently, exposure to exchange rate fluctuations arise. Fluctuation in exchange rates affects the Company's revenue from export markets and the cost of imports, primarily in relation to capital goods, Spares and consumables.
(ii) Interest rate risk
Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. The Company is exposed to interest rate risk because funds are borrowed at both fixed and floating interest rates. Interest rate risk is measured by using the cash flow sensitivity for changes in variable interest rate. The borrowings of the Company are principally denominated in rupees with mix of fixed and floating rates of interest. The Company has exposure to interest rate risk, arising principally on changes in base lending rates. The Company uses a mix of interest rate sensitive financial instruments to manage the liquidity and fund requirement for its day to day operations like short term loans. The risk is managed by Company by maintaining an appropriate mix between fixed and floating rate borrowings, ensuring the most cost-effective strategies are applied.
B. Credit Risk
(i) Credit risk management
Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Company if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual obligations, and arises principally from the company's receivables from customers and investment securities. Credit risk arises from cash held with banks and financial institutions, as well as credit exposure to clients, including outstanding accounts receivable. Credit risk is managed through credit approvals, establishing credit limits and continuously monitoring the creditworthiness of customers to which the Company grants credit terms in the normal course of business. The Company establishes an allowance for doubtful debts and impairment that represents its estimate of incurred losses in respect of trade and other receivables and investments.
(ii) Trade Receivables
Customer credit risk is managed by each business unit subject to the Company’s established policy, procedures and control relating to customer credit risk management. Credit quality of a customer is assessed based on an extensive credit rating scorecard and individual credit limits are defined in accordance with this assessment. Outstanding customer receivables are regularly monitored.
45 Capital management
The Company’s capital management objective is to maximise the total shareholder return by optimising cost of capital through flexible capital structure that supports growth. Further, the Company ensures optimal credit risk profile to maintain/enhance credit rating.
The Company determines the amount of capital required on the basis of annual operating plan and long-term strategic plans. The funding requirements are met through internal accruals and long-term/short-term borrowings. The Company monitors the capital structure on the basis of Net debt to equity ratio and maturity profile of the overall debt portfolio of the Company.
For the purpose of capital management, capital includes issued equity capital, Retained earnings and all other reserves. Net debt includes all long and short-term borrowings as reduced by cash and cash equivalents and investment in mutual funds .
The Company’s Management reviews the capital structure of the Company on monthly basis. As part of this review, the Management considers the cost of capital and the risks associated with each class of capital.
The table below summarises the total equity, net debt and net debt to equity ratio of the Company.
50 Note on Social Security Code:
The date on which the Code of Social Security, 2020 (‘The Code’) relating to employee benefits during employment and post-employment benefits will come into effect is yet to be notified and the related rules are yet to be finalised. The Company will evaluate the code and its rules, assess the impact, if any and account for the same once they become effective.
51 Statutory disclosures
a. The Company does not have any Benami property, where any proceeding has been initiated or pending against the Company for holding any Benami property.
b The Company does not have any transactions with companies struck off under section 248 of the Companies Act, 2013 or section 560 of Companies Act, 1956.
c The Company does not have any charges or satisfaction which is yet to be registered with ROC beyond the statutory period.
d The Company has not traded or invested in Crypto currency or Virtual currency during the financial year.
e The Company has not advanced or loaned or invested funds to any other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Intermediaries) with the understanding that the Intermediary shall:
(i) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the company (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or
(ii) provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
f The Company has not received any fund from any person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Funding Party) with the understanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the Company shall:
(i) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or
(ii) provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
g The Company does not have any undisclosed income which is not recorded in the books of account that has been surrendered or disclosed as income during the year (and previous year) in the tax assessments under the Income Tax Act, 1961 (such as, search or survey or any other relevant provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961".
h The Company does not have any borrowings from banks and financial institutions that are used for any other purpose other than the specific purpose for which it was taken at the reporting balance sheet date.
i The Company has complied with the number of layers prescribed under clause (87) of section 2 of the Act read with Companies (Restriction on number of Layers) Rules, 2017.
j The Company has not been declared wilful defaulter by any bank or financial institution or government or any government authority.
k The company has not entered into any scheme of arrangement which has an accounting impact on current or previous financial year.
l The company has neither declared nor paid any dividend during the reporting period.
o The stock statements filed by the company with the banks are in agreement with the books of account of the company
p The Company has used an accounting software for maintaining its books of account which has a feature of recording audit trail (edit log) facility, except that audit trail
feature was enabled at the application level from May 17, 2024 and the database level from June 06, 2024 in respect of an accounting software to log any direct data changes.
Further, where enabled, audit trail feature has operated for all relevant transactions recorded in the accounting software. Also, during the course of our audit, we did not come across any instance of audit trail feature being tampered with in respect of such accounting software. Further, preservation of audit trial during the previous year did not arise as the audit trail was enabled at the application level from May 17, 2024 and the database level from June 06, 2024 by the company as per the statutory requirements for record retention prescribed under Rule 11(g) of the companies (Audit and Auditors) Rules, 2014.
52 The financial statements were approved for issue in accordance with a resolution of the directors on September 30, 2025.
As per our report of even date
For M S K A & Associates For and on behalf of the Board of Directors of
Chartered Accountants Midwest Limited (formerly known as Midwest Private Limited)
Firm Registration No.:105047W (CIN : U14102TG1981PLC003317)
Ananthakrishnan Govindan Kollareddy Ramachandra Uma Priyadarshini Kollareddy
Partner Whole Time Director & CEO Whole Time Director
Membership No: 205226 DIN:00060086 DIN:02736184
Dilip Kumar Chalasani Rohit Tibrewal
Chief Financial Officer Company Secretary
M No: A31385
Place: Hyderabad Place: Hyderabad Place: Hyderabad
Date: September 30, 2025 Date: September 30, 2025 Date: September 30, 2025
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