3.16. PROVISIONS, CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND CONTINGENT ASSETS
A provision is recognized when the Bank has a present obligation as a result of past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Provisions are not discounted to their present value and are determined based on the best estimate required to settle
the obligation at the reporting date. These estimates are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.
A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non¬ occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the control of the Bank or a present obligation that is not recognized because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation. A contingent liability also arises in extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot be recognized because it cannot be measured reliably. The Bank does not recognize a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial statements. Contingent assets are neither recognised nor disclosed in the financial statements.
3.17. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
Cash and cash equivalents comprises of Cash in Hand and Balances with RBI and Balances with Banks and Money at Call and Short Notice. The same item are considered as cash and cash equivalents in preparation of Cash Flow Statement.
3.18. SHORT SALE TRANSACTIONS
In respect of the short sale transactions in Central Government dated securities, the short position is covered by outright purchase of an equivalent amount of the same security within a maximum period of three months including the day of trade. The short position is reflected as the amount received on sale in a separate account and is classified under 'Other Liabilities'. The short position is marked to market and loss, if any, is charged to the Profit and Loss account, while gain, if any, is not recognised. Profit or loss on settlement of the short position is recognised in the Profit and Loss account.
3.19. REWARD POINTS
The Bank runs a loyalty program, which seeks to recognize and reward customers based on their relationship with the Bank. Under the program, eligible customers are granted loyalty points redeemable in future, subject
to certain conditions. The Bank estimates the probable redemption of such loyalty/ reward points using an actuarial method at the Balance Sheet date by employing an independent actuary. Provision for the said reward points is then made based on the actuarial valuation report as furnished by the said independent actuary.
3.20. SHARE ISSUE EXPENSES
Share issue expenses are adjusted from Share Premium Account in terms of Section 52 of the Companies Act, 2013.
3.21. CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
Expenditure towards corporate social responsibility, in accordance with Companies Act, 2013, is recognised in the Profit and Loss Account.
1 REGULATORY CAPITAL
a) Composition of Regulatory Capital
The Capital Adequacy Ratio [“CAR”] of the Bank, calculated as per the Standardised approach for Credit Risk under Basel II regulation is set out below. Market Risk and Operational Risk are not considered for computation of Risk Weighted Assets as per Guidelines applicable for Small Finance Banks.
lb) Draw down from Reserves:
The Bank has not drawn down any amount from its opening reserves during the year ended March 31, 2026 and March 31, 2025.
lc) Appropriations to reserve:
(i) Statutory reserve
As mandated by the Banking Regulation Act, 1949, all banking companies incorporated in India shall create a reserve fund, out of the balance of profit of each year as disclosed in the profit and loss account and before any dividend is declared and transfer a sum equivalent to not less than twenty five per cent of such profit. The Bank has transferred ' 25.77 Crore (Previous year ' 36.76 Crore) to Statutory Reserve for the year.
(ii) Capital Reserve
During the year, the Bank had appropriated ' 3730 Crore (Previous Year ' 12.31 Crore), net of taxes and transfer to statutory reserve, to the Capital Reserve, being the gain on sale of HTM Investments in accordance with RBI guidelines.
As per paragraph 53 of Reserve Bank of India (Small Finance Banks - Classification, Valuation, and Operation of Investment Portfolio) Directions, 2025 dated November 28, 2025, the Bank transferred an amount of ' 0.17 Crore (Previous year ' Nil) from AFS - Reserve to Capital Reserve.
(iii) Special reserve
As per the provisions under Section 36(1)(viii) of Income Tax Act, 1961, the specified entity is allowed the deduction in respect of any special reserve created and maintained by it, i.e. an amount not exceeding twenty per cent of the profits derived from eligible business computed under the head :Profits and gains of business or profession: (before making any deduction under this clause). This would be applicable till the aggregate of the amounts carried to such reserve account from time to time exceeds twice the amount of the paid up share capital (excluding the amounts capitalized from reserves) of the entity. During the year, the Bank has transferred an amount of ' 6.88 Crore (Previous year ' 724 Crore) to Special Reserve. There is no drawdown from this reserve during FY 2025-26 and FY 2024-25.
(iv) Investment Reserve and Revenue Reserve
During the current year, the Bank has not transferred any amount to Revenue Reserves.
During the previous year ended March 31, 2025, the Bank has implemented the revised RBI norms for the classification, valuation and operation of investment portfolio, which became applicable from April 01, 2024. In accordance with the revised RBI norms and the Bank's Board approved policy, the Bank has classified its investment portfolio as on April 01, 2024 under the categories of held to maturity (HTM), available for sale (AFS) and fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL) with held for trading (HFT) as a sub- category of FVTPL, and from that date, measures and values the investment portfolio under the revised framework.
Consequently, the Bank has accounted net transition valuation gain of ' 2.66 Crore (net of tax) in Revenue Reserve, resulting into net positive impact on networth of the Bank on transition. The Bank has also transferred balance in Investment Reserve amounting to ' 4.08 Crore on the date of the transition to Revenue Reserve in compliance with these directions.
(v) Investment Fluctuation Reserve
During the FY 2025-26, the bank has apportioned ' Nil (Previous year : ' 20.00 Crore) to Investment Fluctuation Reserve, based on the value of investments in FVTPL (including HFT) and AFS category, to protect against future increase in yield, in accordance with RBI guidelines.
(vi) Declaration of Dividends
The Board of Directors has not recommended any dividend for the Financial Year 2025-26 and Financial Year 2024-25.
The Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) is a global minimum standard for bank liquidity. It aims to ensure that bank has a adequate stock of unencumbered high-quality liquid assets (HQLA) that can be converted into cash immediately to meet its liquidity needs for a 30 calendar day time horizon under stress scenario.
The LCR is calculated by dividing the amount of high quality liquid unencumbered assets (HQLA) by the estimated net outflows over 30 calendar day period. The net cash outflows are calculated by applying RBI prescribed outflow factors to the various categories of liabilities (deposits, unsecured and secured wholesale borrowings), as well as to undrawn commitments and derivatives-related exposures, after netting for cash inflows from assets maturing within 30 days.
Liquidity management of the Bank is undertaken by the Treasury department under the supervision of the Asset Liability Management Committee (ALCO) in accordance with the Board approved policies and ALCO approved funding plans.
The mandated regulatory threshold, with appropriate cushion to ensure maintenance of adequate liquidity buffers is as per the board approved ALM policy of the Bank. Risk Management Department computes the LCR and monitors the same as per the Operating guidelines for small finance banks. The Bank has been submitting LCR reports to RBI since December 2016.
Currently the Liquidity Coverage Ratio is significantly higher than minimum regulatory threshold. As part of its liquidity management strategy, the Bank invests in Level I assets thus ensuring comfortable level of HQLA at all times to address any kind of liquidity stress. The Bank follows the criteria laid down by the RBI for the calculation of High Quality Liquid Assets (HQLA), gross outflows and inflows within the next 30-days period. HQLA predominantly comprises of Government securities viz. Treasury Bills, Central and State Government securities.
The Bank is primarily funded through long term borrowings viz. Refinances & Customer Deposits. The Risk Management Department measures and monitors the liquidity profile of the Bank with reference to the Board approved limits on a static as well as on a dynamic basis supplemented by monitoring of key liquidity parameters. The Bank assesses the impact on short term liquidity covering business projections under normal as well as varying market conditions.The LCR reports along with projections are placed before the Bank's ALCO for periodic review and guidance of the committee.
The LCR is calculated by dividing the amount of high quality liquid unencumbered assets (HQLA) by the estimated net outflows over 30 calendar day period. The net cash outflows are calculated by applying RBI prescribed outflow factors to the various categories of liabilities (deposits, unsecured and secured wholesale borrowings), as well as to undrawn commitments and derivatives-related exposures, after netting for cash inflows from assets maturing within 30 days.
Liquidity management of the Bank is undertaken by the Treasury department under the supervision of the Asset Liability Management Committee (ALCO) in accordance with the Board approved policies and ALCO approved funding plans.
The mandated regulatory threshold, with appropriate cushion to ensure maintenance of adequate liquidity buffers is as per the board approved ALM policy of the Bank. Risk Management Department computes the LCR and monitors the same as per the Operating guidelines for small finance banks. The Bank has been submitting LCR reports to RBI since December 2016.
Currently the Liquidity Coverage Ratio is significantly higher than minimum regulatory threshold. As part of its liquidity management strategy, the Bank invests in Level I assets thus ensuring comfortable level of HQLA at all times to address any kind of liquidity stress. The Bank follows the criteria laid down by the RBI for the calculation of High Quality Liquid Assets (HQLA), gross outflows and inflows within the next 30-days period. HQLA predominantly comprises of Government securities viz. Treasury Bills, Central and State Government securities.
The Bank is primarily funded through long term borrowings viz. Refinances & Customer Deposits. The Risk Management Department measures and monitors the liquidity profile of the Bank with reference to the Board approved limits on a static as well as on a dynamic basis supplemented by monitoring of key liquidity parameters. The Bank assesses the impact on short term liquidity covering business projections under normal as well as varying market conditions.The LCR reports along with projections are placed before the Bank's ALCO for periodic review and guidance of the committee.
The objective of NSFR is to ensure that the Bank maintains a stable funding profile in relation to the composition of its assets and off-balance sheet activities. A sustainable funding structure is intended to reduce the probability of erosion of the Bank's liquidity position due to disruptions in the Bank's regular sources of funding that would increase the risk of its failure and potentially lead to broader systemic stress. The NSFR limits the Bank's overreliance on short-term wholesale funding, thus encouraging better assessment of funding risk across all on- and off-balance sheet items while promoting funding stability.
The NSFR is defined as the amount of available stable funding relative to the amount of required stable funding. “Available stable funding" (ASF) is defined as the portion of capital and liabilities expected to be reliable over the time horizon considered by the NSFR, which extends to one year. The amount of stable funding required (“Required stable funding”) (RSF) of a Bank is a function of the liquidity characteristics and residual maturities of its on-and off balance sheet exposures.
Liquidity management of the Bank is undertaken by the Treasury department under the supervision of the Asset Liability Management Committee (ALCO) in accordance with the Board approved policies and ALCO approved funding plans. The mandated regulatory threshold with appropriate cushion to ensure maintenance of adequate liquidity buffers is as per the board approved ALM policy of the Bank. Risk Management Department computes the NSFR and monitors the same as per the operating guidelines for small finance banks. The Bank has been submitting NSFR reports to RBI since December 2021.Currently the Net Stable Funding Ratio is at a comfortable level well above the prescribed regulatory limit of 100%. The NSFR reports are placed before the Bank's ALCO for periodic review and guidance of the committee.
In accordance with the RBI guidelines, Banks are required to make consolidated pillar III and Net Stable Funding Ratio (NSFR) disclosures under the Basel III Framework. These disclosures are available on the Bank's website at the following link: https://ir.equitas.bank.in/reports-and-presentations/. These disclosures are not subjected to audit by the Statutory auditors of the Bank.
The objective of NSFR is to ensure that the Bank maintains a stable funding profile in relation to the composition of its assets and off-balance sheet activities. A sustainable funding structure is intended to reduce the probability of erosion of the Bank's liquidity position due to disruptions in the Bank's regular sources of funding that would increase the risk of its failure and potentially lead to broader systemic stress. The NSFR limits the Bank's overreliance on short-term wholesale funding, thus encouraging better assessment of funding risk across all on- and off-balance sheet items while promoting funding stability.
The NSFR is defined as the amount of available stable funding relative to the amount of required stable funding. “Available stable funding” (ASF) is defined as the portion of capital and liabilities expected to be reliable over the time horizon considered by the NSFR, which extends to one year. The amount of stable funding required (“Required stable funding”) (RSF) of a Bank is a function of the liquidity characteristics and residual maturities of its on-and off balance sheet exposures.
Liquidity management of the Bank is undertaken by the Treasury department under the supervision of the Asset Liability Management Committee (ALCO) in accordance with the Board approved policies and ALCO approved funding plans. The mandated regulatory threshold with appropriate cushion to ensure maintenance of adequate liquidity buffers is as per the board approved ALM policy of the Bank. Risk Management Department computes the NSFR and monitors the same as per the operating guidelines for small finance banks. The Bank has been submitting NSFR reports to RBI since December 2021.Currently the Net Stable Funding Ratio is at a comfortable level well above the prescribed regulatory limit of 100%. The NSFR reports are placed before the Bank's ALCO for periodic review and guidance of the committee.
g) Sale and transfer of securities to/from HTM category
During the current year, through Conversion/Switch of security/Buyback auctions conducted by RBI, Bank had sold SLR securities from HTM category with Book Value ' 996.02 Crore and subscribed government securities as per the RBI press release. The bank had sold HTM securities with book value of ' 832.22 Crore through open market operations(OMO) and ' 718.94 crore through buyback conducted by RBI. The bank had also made outright sale transaction from HTM category of Book Value ' 348.18 Crore. As on March 31, 2026, Book value of the investments held in the HTM category is ' 7,312.41 Crore and book value over market value is ' 126.79 Crore.
During the previous year, through Conversion/Switch of security auctions conducted by RBI, Bank had sold SLR securities from HTM category with book value ' 100.60 Crore and subscribed government securities as per the RBI press release. The Bank had sold HTM securities having book value of ' 616.66 Crore through open market operations(OMO) conducted by RBI. The Bank had also made outright sale transaction from HTM category of book value ' 321.36 Crore. As on March 31, 2025, market value of the investments held in the HTM category is ' 7,278.56 Crore and market value over book value is ' 58.21 Crore.
g) Unhedged foreign currency exposure
The Bank monitors the Unhedged Foreign Currency Exposure (UFCE) of its borrowers in accordance with the Reserve Bank of India's Credit Risk Management guidelines on UFCE, as applicable to Small Finance Banks and as amended from time to time.
In line with regulatory requirements, the Bank has established a robust framework for the identification, measurement, and ongoing monitoring of UFCE as an integral part of its overall credit risk management process. The Bank obtains periodic information on foreign currency exposures from borrowers, after excluding fully hedged exposures and natural hedges, wherever applicable. The risks arising from UFCE are factored into the internal credit rating framework and the credit appraisal and approval process.
The Bank assesses the potential loss arising from UFCE by applying exchange rate volatility factors, based on historical data, to the unhedged foreign currency exposure. The borrower's capacity to absorb such losses is evaluated by comparing the estimated potential loss with earnings before interest and depreciation (EBID). Based on this assessment, exposures are classified into prescribed risk buckets, which determine the applicable incremental provisioning and capital requirements, in line with RBI guidelines, as detailed below:
h) Details of Loans against gold and silver collateral :
Details of loans extended against eligible gold collateral as on March 31, 2026.
The disclosure requirements under the Reserve Bank of India (Small Finance Bank - Credit Facilities) Directions, 2025 for loans against gold and silver collateral will be applicable from the date of adoption of the revised directions issued on November 28, 2025.
As stipulated, the Bank will implement these directions with effect from April 01, 2026, within the prescribed timeline.
(b) Forward rate agreement/Interest rate swap : Nil(c) Exchange traded interest rate derivatives: Nil(d) Disclosures on risk exposure in derivativesI) Qualitative disclosures
(i) The bank has a Market Risk Management department which oversees the management of risk in derivatives trading. The Head of Market Risk reports to the Chief Risk Officer
(ii) The bank has employed advanced Treasury and Risk management systems to measure and monitor risks involved in derivatives exposures. The Top management of the bank is informed on the risk exposures on a daily basis.
(iii) The Bank's policies on Trading and Investments include derivatives as an instrument for hedging and/or mitigating risk and strategies and processes for monitoring the continuing effectiveness of hedges/mitigants.
(iv) The bank has an adequate accounting policy for recording hedge and non-hedge transactions; recognition of income, premiums and discounts; valuation of outstanding contracts; provisioning, collateral, and credit risk mitigation.
(v) The Bank did not have any long-term contracts including derivative contracts as at year end for which there were any material foreseeable losses.
12 DISCLOSURE OF PENALTIES IMPOSED BY THE RESERVE BANK OF INDIA
(i) During the year ended March 31, 2026, there are no penalties imposed by the Reserve Bank of India under
the provisions of the
(i) Banking Regulation Act, 1949,
(ii) Payment and Settlement Systems Act, 2007, and
(iii) Government Securities Act, 2006 (for bouncing of SGL)
During the previous year ended March 31, 2025, RBI has imposed penalty of ' 65 lakhs on the Bank for
non-compliance as under:
a) The Bank levied foreclosure charges in 479 floating rate term loans sanctioned to individual borrowers for purposes other than business in non-compliance with RBI Directions on prohibiting levy of Foreclosure Charges/Pre-payment Penalty on Floating Rate Term Loans to individuals for non-business purposes and
b) The Bank obtained collateral security for 2,027 agricultural loans upto ' 1.6 lakhs in non-compliance with RBI Circular on 'Credit Flow to Agriculture - Collateral free agricultural loans' prohibiting banks from obtaining collateral for agricultural loans upto ' 1.6 lakhs.)
(ii) Bank has not defaulted on reverse repo-related transactions during the current year or the previous year.
13 DISCLOSURE ON REMUNERATIONa) Qualitative disclosures(a) Information relating to the composition and mandate of the Nomination and Remuneration Committee.
The Nomination and Remuneration Committee is chaired by an Independent Director and comprises of four (4) other Independent Directors. The functions of the committee include: recommendation of appointment of Directors to the board, evaluation of performance of the Directors, approval of the policy for remuneration payable to Directors, employees, including senior management and key management
personnel, framing guidelines for the Employee Stock Option Scheme (ESOP Scheme) and deciding on the grant of stock options to the employees and Whole-Time Director/s of the Bank.
(b) Information relating to the design and structure of remuneration processes and the key features and objectives of remuneration policy:
Remuneration Policy of the Bank covers remuneration payable for directors and employees of the Bank and all aspects of the compensation structure such as fixed pay, perquisites, bonus, guaranteed pay, severance package, stock, pension plan and gratuity.
The Bank believes in a sound compensation practice that ensures effective governance of compensation, alignment of compensation with prudent risk taking and effective supervisory oversight and stakeholder engagement. This policy is framed in accordance with the guidelines laid down by Reserve Bank of India (RBI) vide their Circular Reference no DOR. Appt. BC. No. 23/ 29.67001/ 2019-20 dated November 4, 2019 and replaced with RBI Master Directions RBI/DoR/2025-26/204 DoR.SOG(SPE).REC.No.123/13- 04-001/2025-26 dated November 28, 2025 and as amended thereafter.
The remuneration payable to Managing Director (:MD:)/Chief Executive Officer (:CEO:) and Executive Director (ED) shall be based on the scope and responsibility that goes with such positions, shall be comparable to the compensation of similar profiles in similar organizations and would be performance linked. From time to time, the NRC may fix a maximum ceiling on the fixed/variable component of compensation, subject to the approval of Reserve Bank of India and shareholders.
The Non-Executive Directors (:NED:) including Independent Directors of the Bank shall be paid remuneration as a percentage of the net profits of the Bank for the financial year as may be fixed by the Board from time to time, calculated as per the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 and subject to the limits fixed by the Reserve Bank of India, from time to time.
Further, within the above ceiling, the remuneration payable to the Chairman of the Board upto two times the amount payable to other Non-Executive Directors and Independent Directors and further subject to approval of RBI and the remuneration payable to the Chairman of the Audit Committee upto 1.5 times the amount payable to other Non-Executive Directors and Independent Directors.
NEDs are to be paid sitting fee for each meeting of the Board/ Committees of the Board attended by them, as may be approved by the Board pursuant to provisions of Section 197 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with Section 35B (1) of the Banking Regulation Act 1949. NEDs including Independent Directors shall be reimbursed any out of pocket expenses incurred by them while performing duties for the Bank.
For the other categories of staff, the compensation is structured taking into account all relevant factors such as the level of the position, roles and responsibilities and the prevailing compensation structure in the industry for the similar role.
(c) Description of the ways in which current and future risks are taken into account in the remuneration processes.
The Board of Directors through the Nomination and Remuneration Committee (“NRC”) is responsible for formulating and making the necessary amendments to the Remuneration Policy for the Directors, Key Managerial Persons (“KMP”) and Senior Executives of the Bank from time to time. The NRC considers different aspects like risk-return alignment, cost to income ratio and the like in framing the remuneration policy and practice.
Performance parameters specified for the MD/ CEO also includes risk and control considerations such as Asset quality, implementation of guidelines on Compliance Risk Assessment, reviewing and enhancing controls of the operating risk processes of the Bank.
The variable remuneration payable to MD/CEO & other Material Risk Takers are subject to malus and clawback clauses to address issues such as losses in subsequent years due to acts in a given performance year, gross negligence, serious lapses in credit underwriting process, serious violations in AML / KYC, frauds and misconducts.
Further, the KRA's for Senior Executives of the Bank are clearly defined with adequate weightage given to Risk, Compliance, Credit & Asset Quality to ensure risks are assessed and mitigated. KRA's of Executives working in control functions like Risk & Compliance are defined independent of buisness results and no weightage is given for achievement of business parameters/ targets to ensure independent evaluation.
(d) Description of the ways in which the Bank seeks to link performance during a performance measurement period with levels of remuneration
The Bank follows Annual Performance Review (12 months period) to link performance. Remuneration is fixed based on the grade and merit rating for all the employees. Individual performances are assessed in line with business or deliveries of the Key Result Areas (KRA), top priorities of business, budgets, risk alignment etc. The Performance Appraisal system assigns a rating based on the achievement or otherwise of the KRAs. The change in remuneration is largely dependent on the rating assigned.
(e) A discussion of the bank’s policy on deferral and vesting of variable remuneration and a discussion of the Bank’s policy and criteria for adjusting deferred remuneration before vesting and after vesting.
The Bank has ensured the remuneration for Material Risk Takers in line with the RBI circular dated November 04, 2019 and repalced with RBI Master Directions RBI/DoR/2025-26/204 DoR.SOG(SPE). REC.No.123/13-04-001/2025-26 dated November 28, 2025 and as amended thereafter. Accordingly, the variable pay of identified MRTs is determined between 100% to 300% of fixed pay. This variable pay is further divided into cash and ESOPs. Both the cash and ESOPs of the said MRTs is to be deferred over a period of three year in line with the risk taken and as per relevant RBI approval received from time to time. Each such MRT has performance measures aligned to risk measures and the vesting of variable pay is also pro-rated till the end of the deferral period.
(f) Description of the different forms of variable remuneration (i.e. cash, shares, ESOPs and other forms) that the Bank utilizes and the rationale for using these different forms.
Employees of the Bank are eligible for variable pay in terms of both cash and ESOPs. At field level the variable pay is linked to defined performance targets. Other roles may be given variable pay based on their performance ratings. The variable pay amount varies depending on both the role of the individual as well as his/her performance levels. For Senior Executives of the Bank due consideration is also given to the overall performance of the Bank & respective Division / Function apart from individual performance ratings.
Employees above defined grade are eligible for Employee Stock Options issued by the Bank as determined by the Nomination and Remuneration Committee of the Bank. These options are granted annually based on performance ratings and role of the individual. Junior employees in cases of consistent exemplary performance are also granted options being part of High Achievers Club.
In very select instances, employees are offered options over a four year period, with a quarter of the options vesting every year. The vesting of the options are dependent on continuity and performance of the said individual.
A variable component may also be made available for specific employees as agreed and included as a part of their respective compensation structure. Variable pay for MRTs have been explained in (e) earlier. As on the reporting date, the Bank does not have any form of variable remuneration other than as stated above. Thus, the various types of Variable Pay is aligned over both Short and Long term periods.
g) Implementation of IFRS converged Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS)
In January 2016, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs issued the roadmap for implementation of new Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS), converged with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), for scheduled commercial banks, insurance companies and non-banking financial companies (NBFCs). On Oct 7, 2025, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) issued Draft directions titled ::Draft Reserve Bank of India (Scheduled Commercial Banks & All India Financial Institutions - Asset Classification, Provisioning and Income Recognition) Directions, 2025. Subsequently, on April 27, 2026, the RBI finalized guidelines introducing a forward-looking Expected Credit Loss (ECL) framework for asset classification, effective April 1, 2027.
However, Small Finance Banks are currently excluded from the applicability of these directions. currently the implementation of Ind AS for Small finance banks has been deferred by RBI till further notice pending the consideration of some recommended legislative amendments by the Government of India. The Bank is in an advanced stage of preparedness for implementation of Ind AS, as and when these are made applicable to the Small Finance banks.
As required by the RBI guidelines, the accounts of the Bank are converted into Ind AS pro-forma format and submitted to the RBI at periodic intervals. The Bank carries out the Expected Loss provisioning using Probability of default (PD) and Loss given Default (LGD) by considering historical data for the purpose of IND AS pro-forma reporting and product pricing. The Bank has put in a place a comprehensive Expected Credit Loss Framework.
h) Payment of DICGC Insurance Premium
The Bank has paid the deposit insurance premium, as applicable, to DICGC within the prescribed regulatory timelines during the Current year and Previous year.
l) Description of Contingent liabilities
i. Claims against the Bank not acknowledged as debts:
Claims against the Bank not acknowledged as debts includes liability on account of Service tax, Goods and Service Tax and Income Tax. The Bank is a party to various legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business which are contested by the Bank and are therefore subjudice. The Bank does not expect the outcome of these proceedings to have a material adverse impact on the Bank's financial position.
ii. Guarantees given on behalf of constituents:
As a part of banking activities, the Bank issues Letter of Guarantees on behalf of its customers, with a view to augment the customer's credit standing. Through these instruments, the Bank undertakes to make payments for its customers obligations either directly or in case the customer fails to fulfill their financial or performance obligations.
iii. Liability on account of outstanding forward exchange and derivative contracts:
The Bank undertakes Foreign Exchange forward contracts as part of its regular operations for multiple purposes- converting surplus FCY deposits into INR, manage the funding requirements of nostro accounts and for Merchant covering as well as trading purposes in the Interbank market. These contracts
involve the exchange of currencies at a predetermined price on a future date. The notional principal of such contracts is disclosed here. These contracts are classified under the Banking Book and Trading book and the accounting treatment of these contracts is carried out in accordance with the board approved accounting policy.
iv. Other items for which the Bank is contingently liable:
These include:
a) Capital commitments
b) Amount transferred to the RBI under the Depositor Education and Awareness Fund (DEAF)
c) Investment purchases pending settlement
d) Credit enhancements provided by the Bank towards securitisation
m) Dues to Micro and Small Enterprises
Dues to Micro and Small Enterprises have been determined to the extent such parties have been identified on the basis of information collected by the Management. Based on the information available with the Bank, there are no overdue amounts payable to Micro and Small Enterprises as defined under the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006 as at the Balance Sheet date. Further, the Bank has not paid any interest to any Micro and Small Enterprises during the current and previous year.
r) Portfolio-level information on the use of funds raised from green deposits :
The Bank has not accepted green deposits during the current financial year (Previous year : Nil)
15 EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (AS 15)Defined Contribution Plan Provident Fund and NPS
The Bank makes Provident Fund contributions and NPS contributions to State administered fund for qualifying employees. The Bank is required to contribute a specified percentage of the payroll costs to the Fund. The Bank has recognised ' 89.57 Crore (Previous Year ' 74.18 Crore) towards Provident Fund contributions and NPS contributions in the Profit and Loss Account. The contributions payable to the fund by the Bank is at rates specified in the rules of the scheme.
Defined Benefit Plans Gratuity
The Bank has a funded gratuity scheme for its employees and the Gratuity liability has been made based on the actuarial valuation done as at the year end. The details of actuarial valuation as provided by the Independent Actuary is as follows:
n) Details of Single Borrower Limit / Group Borrower Limit exceeded by the bank.
During the year, the Bank has not exceeded the prudential credit exposure limit as prescribed by the Reserve Bank of India in respect of Single Borrower and Group Borrowers. (Previous year: Nil).
o) Letters of Comfort
The Bank has not issued any letters of comfort during the year.(Previous year: Nil).
p) No funds have been advanced or loaned or invested (either from borrowed funds or share premium or any other sources or kind of funds) by the Bank to or in any other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (:Intermediaries:) with the understanding, whether recorded in writing or otherwise, that the Intermediary shall lend or invest in party identified by or on behalf of the bank (Ultimate Beneficiaries). The Bank has not received any fund from any party(ies) (Funding Party) with the understanding that the Bank shall whether, directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified by or on behalf of the bank (:Ultimate Beneficiaries:) or provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
16 DISCLOSURES- ACCOUNTING STANDARDS Segment Reporting (AS 17)
The business of the Bank is divided into three segments: Treasury, Wholesale Banking and Retail Banking business. These segments have been identified and reported taking into account the target customer profile, the nature of products and services, the different risks and returns, and the guidelines prescribed by RBI. Also, refer Schedule 173.15.
21 EMPLOYEES STOCK OPTION SCHEME a) ESFB ESOP 2019
During the year ended 31st March 2020, the bank established a employee stock option scheme titled ESFB Employees Stock Option Scheme, 2019 (ESFB ESOP 2019) effective from November 22, 2019. Under the plan, the Bank was authorized to issue upto 11,00,00,000 options (including 33,487,873 options under Grant 1 issued as a replacement option for the Scheme under the Holding Company) to eligible employees of the Bank and the erstwhile Holding Company. Each option entitles for apply and allotment of one fully paid share on payment of exercise price during the exercise period.
As on March 31, 2026, 3,08,53,018 (previous year 2,77,90,401) (net of forfeitures and cancellation) options were outstanding, which were granted at various exercise prices. The following are the outstanding options as on March 31, 2026.
Volatility
Volatility is a measure of the amount by which a price has fluctuated or is expected to fluctuate during a period. The measure of Volatility used in the Black -Scholes option pricing model is the annualized standard deviation of the continuously compounded rates of return on the stock over a period of time.
c) Dividend Yield
Expected dividend yield has been calculated based on the dividend declared for 1 financial year prior to the date of grant. The dividend yield has been derived by dividing the dividend per share by the market price per share on the date of grant.
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