1.2.10 Provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets
(a) A provision is recognised if, as a result of a past event, Company has a present legal or constructive obligation that can be estimated reliably, and it is probable
that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation. Provisions are not recognised for future operating losses.
The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation as at the balance sheet date, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation.
When some or all of the economic benefits required to settle a provision are expected to be recovered from a third party, the receivable is recognised as an asset. The expense relating to the provision is presented in the statement of profit and loss, net of any reimbursement.
(b) Contingent Liabilities are disclosed in respect of possible obligations that arise from past events but their existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non¬ occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of Company or where any present obligation cannot be measured in terms of future outflow of resources or where a reliable estimate of the obligation cannot be made.
(c) A contingent asset is not recognised in the financial statements, however, it is disclosed, where an inflow of economic benefits is probable.
(d) Provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date.
1.2.11 Foreign currency transactions and translations
Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded at the exchange rate prevailing on the date the transaction first qualifies for recognition.
Monetary assets and liabilities related to foreign currency transactions remaining outstanding on the balance sheet date are translated at the exchange rate prevailing on the balance sheet date. Any income or expense arising on account of foreign exchange difference either on settlement or on translation is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
Non-monetary items which are carried at historical cost denominated in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rate at the date of the initial transaction.
1.2.12 Employee benefits
(a) Short-term employee benefits
Short-term employee benefits in respect of salaries and wages, including non¬ monetary benefits, are recognised as an expense at the undiscounted amount in the statement of profit and loss in the year in which the related service is rendered.
(b) Defined contribution plans
The Company pays provident and other fund contributions to publicly administered fund as per related Government regulations. The Company has no further obligation, other than the contributions payable to the respective funds. The Company recognizes contribution payable to such funds as an expense when an employee renders the related service.
(c) Defined benefit plans
The Company operates a defined benefit gratuity plan.
The liability or asset recognised in the balance sheet in respect of gratuity is the present value of the defined benefit obligation as at the balance sheet date less the fair value of plan assets. The defined benefit obligation is calculated by external actuaries using the projected unit credit method.
Re-measurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised directly in other comprehensive income in the period in which they occur and are included in retained earnings in the statement of changes in equity and in the balance sheet.
1.2.13 Government Grants
Government grants are recognised when there is reasonable assurance that the grant would be received and the Company would comply with all the conditions attached to them.
Government grants related to property, plant and equipment, including non¬ monetary grants, are presented in the balance sheet by deducting the grant in arriving at the carrying amount of the asset.
Government grants of revenue in nature are recognised on a systematic basis in the statement of profit and loss over the period necessary to match them with the related costs and are adjusted with the related expenditure. If not related to a specific expenditure, it is considered as income and included under "Other Operating Revenue" or "Other Income".
The benefit of a government loan at a below-market rate of interest or loan with interest subvention and effect of this favourable interest is treated as a government grant. The loan or assistance is initially recognised at fair value and the government grant is measured as the difference between proceeds received and the fair value of
the loan based on prevailing market interest rates and recognised on a systematic basis in the statement of profit and loss. The loan is subsequently measured as per the accounting policy applicable to financial liabilities.
1.2.14 Impairment of Non financial Assets
An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset's fair value less costs to sell and value in use.
To assess impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash flows (cash-generating units).
In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset.
If at the balance sheet date, there is an indication that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, the recoverable amount is reassessed and the impairment loss previously recognised is reversed so that the asset is recognised at its recoverable amount but not exceeding the value which would have been reported in this respect if the impairment loss had not been recognised.
1.2.15 Taxes
Income tax expense comprises current tax and deferred tax and is recognised in the statement of profit and loss except to the extent it relates to items directly recognised in Equity or other comprehensive income (OCI).
a) Current income tax
Current income tax assets and liabilities for the current and prior periods are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities using the tax rates and tax laws that are enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date and applicable for the period.
b) Current tax items in correlation to the underlying transaction relating to OCI and Equity are recognised in OCI and Equity respectively.
Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and full provisions are made where appropriate based on the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities.
The Company offsets current tax assets and current tax liabilities, where it has a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and where it intends either to settle on a net basis or to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.
c) Deferred income tax
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognised for the deductible and taxable temporary differences arising between the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amount in the standalone financial statements.
Deferred tax assets are recognised for deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of unused tax credits and any unused tax losses to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each balance sheet date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the same will be reversed or sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax assets to be utilised.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date.
Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset if a legally enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred taxes relate to the same taxable entity and the same taxation authority.
Deferred tax assets include Minimum Alternative Tax (MAT) paid in accordance with the tax laws in India, which is likely to give future economic benefits in the form of availability of set off against future income tax liability.
Accordingly, MAT is recognised as deferred tax asset in the balance sheet when the asset can be measured reliably, and it is probable that the future economic benefit associated with asset will be realised.
1.2.16 Earnings per Share
a) Basic earnings per share are computed by dividing the net profit/(loss) after tax by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.
b) Diluted earnings per share are computed by dividing the net profit/(loss) after tax by the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving
basic earnings per share and also the weighted average number of equity shares that could be issued on the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares. Dilutive potential equity shares are determined at the end of each period presented.
The number of equity shares and potential dilutive equity shares are adjusted retrospectively for all periods presented for any share split and bonus shares issues including for changes effected before the approval of the standalone financial statements by the Board of Directors.
1.2.17 Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents in the balance sheet comprise cash on hand, cheques on hand, balance with banks, and short term liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less and which carry an insignificant risk of changes in value.
For the purpose of the Cash Flow Statement, Cash and cash equivalents consist of Cash and cash equivalents, as defined above and net of outstanding book overdrafts as they are considered an integral part of the Company's cash management.
1.2.18 Cash Flow Statement
Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit/loss before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a noncash nature, any deferrals or accruals of past or future operating cash receipts or payments and item of income or expenses associated with investing or financing flows. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated.
1.2.19 Critical accounting judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Ind AS requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of the accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the year. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an on-going basis.
Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period; they are recognised in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.
a) Judgements in applying accounting policies
The judgements, apart from those involving estimations (see note below), that the Company has made in the process of applying its accounting policies and that have a significant effect on the amounts recognised in these financial statements pertain to useful life of intangible assets.
b) Key sources of estimation uncertainty
The following are the key assumptions concerning the future, and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the end of the reporting period that may have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year.
(i) Useful lives of property, plant and equipment
As described in the significant accounting policies, the Company reviews the estimated useful lives of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets at the end of each reporting period.
(ii) Fair value measurements and valuation processes
Some of the Company's assets are measured at fair value for financial reporting purposes. Fair value measurements are categorised into Level 1, 2, or 3 based on the degree to which the inputs to the fair value measurements are observable and the significance of the inputs to the fair value measurement in its entirety.
Information about the valuation techniques and inputs used in determining the fair value of various assets and liabilities are disclosed in the notes to the financial statements.
(iii) Actuarial Valuation
The determination of Company's liability towards defined benefit obligation to employees is made through independent actuarial valuation including determination of amounts to be recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss and in other comprehensive income. Such valuation depends upon assumptions determined after taking into account inflation, seniority, promotion and other relevant factors such as supply and demand factors in the employment market. Information about such valuation is provided in notes to the financial statements.
(iv) Provisions and Contingent Liabilities
Any litigation where amount of flow of funds is believed to be probable and are liable estimate of the outcome of the dispute can be made based
on management's assessment of specific circumstances of each dispute and relevant external advice, management provides for its best estimate of the liability. Such accruals are by nature complex and can take number of years to resolve and can involve estimation uncertainty. Information about such litigations is provided in notes to the financial statements.
(v) Impairment of Financial Assets
The Company assesses impairment based on expected credit losses (ECL) model on trade receivables. The Company uses a provision matrix to determine impairment loss allowance on the portfolio of trade receivables. The provision matrix is based on its historically observed default rates over the expected life of the trade receivable. At every reporting date, the historically observed default rates are updated.
1.2.20 Recent accounting pronouncements
Ministry of Corporate Affairs ("MCA") notifies new standards or amendments to the existing standards under Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issued from time to time. For the year ended 31st March, 2025, MCA has notified Ind AS - 117 Insurance Contracts and amendments to Ind AS 116 - Leases, relating to sale and leaseback transactions, applicable to the Company w.e.f. 1st April, 2024. The Company has reviewed the new pronouncements and based on its evaluation has determined that it does not have any impact in its financial statements.
(d) Terms / Rights attached to Equity shares :
The Company has a single class of equity shares having a par value of Rs. 2/- each. The holders of these shares are entitled to receive dividend as declared from time to time and entitled to one vote per share.
(e) In the event of liquidation of the Company, the holders of equity shares will be entitled to receive remaining assets of the Company, after distribution of all preferential dues. The distribution will be in proportion to the number of equity shares held by the shareholders.
(f) Shareholders holding more than 5 % of the equity shares in the Company:
e) Nature and purpose of Reserves:
(i) Capital Reserve comprise of reserve arising on Capital Gains and profit on revaluation of capital assets in earlier years, in accordance with applicable accounting standard.
(ii) The amount received in excess of the par value of equity shares has been classified as securities premium. The reserve may be utilized in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013.
(iii) Retained earnings represent the amount of accumulated earnings of the Company.
(iv) Remeasurement of defined benefit plan through OCI represents the actuarial gain on employees' benefit which has been, transferred to retained earnings.
Note: Figure in brackets pertain to previous year.
*Represents Current maturities of long term debts shown under 'Current borrowings' (Note no.19). $ Installment inclusive of interest.
e) There is no default in repayments of the principal amount of loans and interest thereon.
i) Working Capital loan and Channel Financing Account from Yes Bank Ltd. is secured by hypothecation of stocks of raw materials, work-in-progress, finished goods, spares, book debts and current assets of the Company and personal guarantee of directors.
ii) Working Capital loan and demand loan from Kotak Mahindra Bank Ltd. was secured by hypothecation of First Pari Passu basis on all existing and future receivables, current assets, moveable assets and moveable fixed assets.
iii) Working Capital loan and Demand loan from Axis Bank Ltd. is secured by way of hypothecation of Stocks & Receivables and all other current assets both present and future of the company including raw materials, work-in-progress, finished goods in the name of the company. Raw Material Includes wires, Zinc and other related products at factory premises/godown elsewhere and receivables (book debts) and all other current assets . Also, hypothecation of entire Plant and Machinery of the borrower, both present and future on first pari passu basis.
In the ordinary course of business, the Company faces claims and assertions by various parties. The Company assesses such claims and assertions and monitors the legal environment on an ongoing basis, with the assistance of external legal counsel, wherever necessary. The Company records a liability for any claims where a potential loss is probable and capable of being estimated and discloses such matters in its financial statements, if material. For potential losses that are considered possible but not probable, the Company provides disclosure in the financial statements but does not record a liability in its accounts unless the loss becomes probable.
The following is a description of claims and assertions where a potential loss is possible, but not probable. The Company believes that none of the contingencies described below would have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition, results of operations or cash flow.
The amounts shown in (a) above represent the best possible estimates arrived at on the basis of available information.
The uncertainties and timing of the cash flows are dependent on the outcome of different legal processes which have been invoked by the Company or the claimants as the case may be and therefore cannot be estimated accurately. The Company does not expect any reimbursement in respect of above contingent liabilities.
(b) Capital Commitments:
35.3 Related party disclosures in accordance with Indian Accounting Standard - 24 are given below :
I. List of the Related Party where control exists and related parties with whom transaction have taken place and relationship:
(a) Key Managerial Personnel (KMP)
1) Sri Naresh Kumar Agarwal - Chairman cum Director
2) Sri Hanuman Prasad Agarwal -Managing Director
3) Sri Sanjeev Binani - Director
4) Sri Ankush Agarwal - Director
5) Sri Rajiv Adukia - Non Executive Director
6) Mrs. Pooja Bachhawat - Non Executive Director
7) Sri Mahesh Kumar Sharma - Company Secretary
8) Sri Anand Kumar Sharma - Chief Financial Officer
(b) Enterprises owned or significantly influenced by KMP and their Relatives Gunnayak Commercial Pvt. Ltd.
Alltime Suppliers Pvt. Ltd.
Classic Electrodes (I) Ltd.
Jai Hanuman Industrial Corporation Mohta Agencies Pvt. Ltd.
Panchshul Merchants Pvt. Ltd.
R A Comptech Investment & Consultant Pvt. Ltd.
Balaji Electrodes Pvt. Ltd.
Blue Bird Dealers Private Limited HM Power and Cables Private Limited
Note: Related party transaction is as identified by the company and relied upon by the auditor.
(a) The transactions with related parties have been entered at an amount which are not materially different from those on normal commercial terms.
(b) No amount has been written back/written off during the year in respect of due to/from related parties.
(c) The amounts due from related parties are good and hence no provision for doubtful debts in respect of dues from such related parties is required.
(d) The remuneration of directors is determined by the nomination and remuneration committee of the Board of Directors considering the performance of individuals and market trends.
(e) Figures in the bracket relate to the previous year.
B. Fair value hierarchy
The fair value of the financial assets and financial liabilities are included at the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or liquidation sale.
Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 3: Inputs for the assets or liabilities that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).
Fair value of cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, and other current financial assets, and other current financial liabilities is considered to be equal to the carrying amounts of these items due to their short-term nature.
Where such items are Non-current in nature, the same has been classified as Level 3 and fair value determined using adjusted net asset value method. Similarly, unquoted equity instruments where most recent information to measure fair value is insufficient, or if there is a wide range of possible fair value measurements, cost has been considered as the best estimate of fair value.
The fair value of investment in mutual funds has been determined based on quotes from mutual funds/ Asset management companies during the year.
The Company has not classified any material financial instruments under Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2.
35.5 Financial risk management objectives and policies
The Company's activities expose it to market risk, liquidity risk and credit risk. The Company's Board of Directors has overall responsibility for the establishment and oversight of the Company's risk management framework. This note explains the sources of risk which the entity is exposed to and how the entity manages the risk and the related impact in the financial statements.
(a). Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk that counterparty will not meet its obligations under a financial instrument or customer contract, leading to a financial loss. Financial instruments that are subject to concentrations of credit risk materially consists of trade receivables and deposits with Banks.
The impairment for financial assets are based on assumptions about risk of default and expected loss rates. The Company uses judgement in making these assumptions and selecting the inputs to the impairment calculation, based on the Company's past history, existing market conditions as well as forward looking estimates at the end of each balance sheet date.
Financial assets are written off when there is no reasonable expectation of recovery, however, the Company continues to attempt to recover the receivables. Where recoveries are made, these are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
(i) Trade Receivables
All trade receivables are subject to credit risk exposure. Customer credit risk is managed based on Company's established policy, procedures and control relating to customer credit risk management.
Trade receivables are non-interest bearing and are generally on credit terms of upto 90 days.
The Company has used expected credit loss (ECL) model for assessing the impairment loss. For the purpose, the Company uses a provision matrix to compute the expected credit loss amount. The provision matrix takes into account external and internal risk factors and historical data of credit losses. Refer note no. 9 for movement in expected credit loss and trade receivables aging.
An impairment analysis is performed at each balance sheet date on an individual basis for major clients. In addition, a large number of minor receivables are grouped into homogenous groups and assessed for impairment collectively. The maximum exposure to credit risk at the balance sheet date is the carrying value of each class of financial assets disclosed in note no. 9.
(ii) Balances with banks
Credit risk from balances with banks is managed in accordance with the Company's policy. Investments of surplus funds are made only with approved counter parties.
The Company's maximum exposure to credit risk for the components of the balance sheet as at 31st March, 2025 and 31st March, 2024 is the carrying amounts as stated under note no. 10.
(b) Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is defined as the risk that the company will not be able to settle or meet its obligation on time or at reasonable price. Prudent liquidity risk management implies maintaining sufficient cash and marketable securities and the availability of funding through an adequate amount of committed credit facilities to meet obligations when due. Due to the nature of the business, the Company maintains flexibility in funding by maintaining availability under committed facilities. Management monitors rolling forecasts of the Company's liquidity position and cash and cash equivalents on the basis of expected cash flows. The Company takes into account the liquidity of the market in which the entity operates.
(d) Lien
The fair values of the fixed deposits under lien aggregated to Rs. 499.67 lakh (Rs. 575.78 lakh on 31st March, 2024) which was held as Margin Money against Bank Guarantees/Letter of credits.
35.6 Capital Management (a) Risk management
For the purpose of the Company's capital management, capital includes issued equity capital and all other equity reserves attributable to the equity share-holders of the Company. The Company's objective when managing capital is to safeguard its ability to continue as a going concern so that it can continue to provide returns to shareholders and other stake holders.
35.7 Employee benefits in accordance with Indian Accounting Standard - 19 " Employee Benefits:
a) Defined Contribution Plan :
Employee benefits in the form of Provident Fund and Employee State Insurance Scheme are considered as defined contribution plan.
The contributions to the respective fund are made in accordance with the relevant statute and are recognised as expense when employees have rendered service entitling them to the contribution. The contributions to defined contribution plan, recognised as expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss are as under:
b) Defined Benefit Plans:
Description of Plans
i) The Gratuity plan is governed by the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972. Under the said Act, an employee who has completed five years of service is entitled to specific benefit. The Gratuity Plan provides a lumpsum payment to employees at retirement, death, incapacitation or termination of employment. The level of benefits provided depends on the member's length of service and salary at retirement age etc. The scheme is unfunded.
The following tables summarise the components of net benefit expense recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss and the unfunded status and amounts recognised in the Balance Sheet for the said plan:
iii) Risks related to defined benefit plans:
Valuations are performed on certain basic set of pre-determined assumptions and other regulatory framework which may vary overtime. Thus, the Company is exposed to various risks in providing the above gratuity benefit which are as follows:
i) Interest Rate risk : The plan exposes the Company to the risk of fall in interest rates. A fall in interest rates will result in an increase in the ultimate cost of providing the above benefit and will thus result in an increase in the value of the liability (as shown in financial statements).
ii) Liquidity Risk : This is the risk that the Company is not able to meet the short-term gratuity payouts. This may arise due to non-availabilty of enough cash / cash equivalent to meet the liabilities or holding of illiquid assets not being sold in time.
iii) Salary Escalation Risk : The present value of the defined benefit plan is calculated with the assumption of salary increase rate of plan participants in future. Deviation in the rate of increase of salary in future for plan participants from the rate of increase in salary used to determine the present value of oblgation will have a bearing on the plan's liabilty.
iv) Demographic Risk : The Company has used certain mortality and attrition assumptions in valuation of the liability. The Company is exposed to the risk of actual experience turning out to be worse compared to the assumption.
v) Regulatory Risk : Gratuity benefit is paid in accordance with the requirements of the Payment of Gratuity Act , 1972(as amended from time to time). There is a risk of change in regulations requiring higher gratuity payouts (e.g. Increase in the maximum limit on gratuity of Rs. 20.00 lakh).
i) The following are the assumptions used to determine the benefit obligation
a) Discount rate: The discount rate indicated above reflects the estimated timing and currency of benefit payments. It is based on the yields / rates available on applicable bonds as on the current valuation date.
b) Rate of escalation in salary : The salary growth rate indicated above is the Company's best estimate of an increase in salary of the employees in future years, determined considering the general trend in inflation, seniority, promotions, past experience and other relevant factors such as demand and supply in employment market, etc.
c) Attrition rate: Attrition rate indicated above represents the Company's best estimate of employee turnover in future (other than on account of retirement, death or disablement) determined considering various factors such as nature of business, retention policy, industry factors, past experience, etc.
ii) The Gratuity and Provident Fund expenses have been recognised under "Contribution to Provident and Other Funds" under" Salaries and Wages" under Note No. 28.
# Earning for Debt Service = Net Profit after taxes Non-cash operating expenses Interest Other non-cash adjustments
* Capital employed = Net worth Long-term borrowings /- Deferred tax liabilities/ Assets.
Explanation for change in the ratio by more than 25% as compared to the preceding year:
(i) Inventory Turnover Ratio: Due to increased in sale during the year.
(ii) Trade Receivables Turnover Ratio: Due to Sales has increase and collections from debtors end of year is very good.
(iii) Trade Payables Turnover Ratio: Due to increased purchase of raw material due to increased in production and sales during the year and regular payment to MSME vendors.
(iv) Net Capital Turnover Ratio: Due to increase in Sales during the year
(c) The quarterly returns and stock statements of current assets filed by the Company with banks are in agreement with the books of accounts.
(d) Disclosures required under Additional regulatory information as prescribed under paragraph 6L to general instructions for preparation of Balance Sheet under Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013 are not applicable to the Company except as disclosed in Para (a) to (c) above.
35.15 The Company has taken a factory premise at Bhubaneshwar, Odisha on lease for the purpose of expansion of its business.
35.16 The previous year's have been rearranged wherever necessary. Amounts and other disclosures for the preceding year is included as an
integral part of the current year financial statements and are to be read in relation to the amounts and other disclosures relating to the current year.
The accompanying notes 1 to 35 are an integral part of the financial statements.
As per our report of even date attached.
For G. P. Agrawal & Co. For and on behalf of the Board of Directors of
Chartered Accountants Kritika Wires Limited
Firm's Registration No. - 302082E
Sd/- Sd/- Sd/-
(CA. Rakesh Kumar Singh) Naresh Kumar Agarwal Hanuman Prasad Agarwal
Partner (Director) (Managing Director)
Membership No. 066421 (DIN: 01020334) (DIN: 00654218)
Sd/- Sd/-
Anand Kumar Sharma Mahesh Kumar Sharma
(Chief Financial Officer) (Company Secretary)
Place of Signature: Kolkata Date: The 9th day of May, 2025
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