N PROVISIONS, CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND CONTINGENT ASSETS
The Company recognizes provisions when there is present obligation as a result of past event and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources and reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Provisions are determined based on management estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current management estimates. A disclosure for Contingent Liabilities is made in the Notes on accounts when there is a possible obligation or present obligations that may, but probably will not, require an outflow of resources. Contingent Assets are neither recognized nor disclosed in the Financial Statement.
O SEGMENT REPORTING
Segments have been identified in line with the Indian Accounting Standard on Segment reporting (Ind AS 108) taking into account the organisation structure as well as the differential risk in returns of segments.
P GOVERNMENT GRANTS
Grants and subsidies from the Government are recognized when there is reasonable assurance that (i) the Company will comply with the conditions attached to them, and (ii) the grant/subsidy will be received. Grants received against specific Fixed Assets are adjusted to the cost of the assets & those in the nature of Promoter's contibution are credited to Capital Reserve. Revenue Grants are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in accordance with related scheme.
Q EARNINGS PER SHARE
Basic Earnings Per Share
Basic Earnings Per share is calculated by dividing:
i) the profit attributable to owners of the Company
ii) by the weighted average number of Equity Shares outstanding during the financial year, adjusted for bonus elements in Equity Shares issued during the year and excluding treasury shares.
Diluted Earnings Per Share
Diluted earnings per share adjusts figures used in the determination of basic earnings per share to take into account:
i) the after income tax effect of interest and other financing costs associated with dilutive potential equity shares, and
ii) the weighted average number of additional Equity Shares that would have been outstanding assuming the conversion of all dilutive potential Equity Shares.
Notes:
i) Parties identified by the Management and relied upon by the Auditors.
ii) No amount in respect of the Related Parties have been written off/back or are provided for during the year
The fair values of financial Assets and Liabilities are included at the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a
current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or liquidation sale.
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair values:
1) Fair value of Cash and Short Term Deposits, Trade and other Short Term Receivables, Trade Payables, Other Current Liabilities, Short Term Loans from Banks and other Financial Institutions approximate their carrying amounts largely due to short term maturities of these instruments.
2) Financial instruments with fixed and variable interest rates are evaluated by the Company based on parameters such as interest rates and individual credit worthiness of the counter party. Based on this evaluation, allowances are taken to account for expected losses of these receivables. Accordingly, fair value of such instruments is not materially different from their carrying amounts.
The Company uses the following hierarchy for determining and disclosing the fair value of financial instrument by valuation
technique:
Level 1: Quoted (unadjusted) price in active markets for identical Assets or Liabilities
Level 2: Other techniques for which all inputs which have a significant effect on the recorded fair value are observable, either directly or indirectly.
Level 3: Techniques which use inputs that have a significant effect on the recorded fair value that are not based on observable market data.
The Company contributes to the following post-employment plans in India.
Defined Contribution Plans:
The Company pays Provident Fund Contributions to publicly administered Provident Funds as per local regulations and are recognised as expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss during the period in which the employee renders the related service. There are no further obligations other than the contributions payable to the appropriate authorities.
The Company recognised Rs.12.46 Lakhs for the year ended March 31, 2026 (March 31, 2025 Rs. 14.75 lakhs) towards Provident Fund Contribution..
Defined Benefit Plan:
The Employees' Gratuity fund scheme managed by a Trust is a defined benefit plan. The present value of obligation is determined based on actuarial valuation using the Projected Unit Credit Method, which recognizes each period of service as giving rise to additional unit of employee benefit entitlement and measures each unit separately to build up the final obligation.
iii. Sensitivity Analysis
The sensitivity analyses have been determined based on reasonably possible changes of the respective assumptions occurring at the end of the reporting period and may not be representative of the actual change. It is based on a change in the key assumption while holding all other assumptions constant. When calculating the sensitivity to the assumption, the method (Projected Unit Credit Method) used to calculate the liability recognised in the balance sheet has been applied. The methods and types of assumptions used in preparing the sensitivity analysis did not change as compared with the previous period
NOTE 46 - FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT A Financial Risk Management objectives and policies
The Company's business activities expose it to a variety of financial risks, namely liquidity risk, market risks and credit risk. The Company has the overall responsibility for the establishment and oversight of the Company's risk management framework. The Company's risk management policies are established to identify and analyse the risks faced by the Company, to set appropriate risk limits and controls and to monitor risks and adherence to limits. Risk management policies and systems are reviewed regularly to reflect changes in market conditions and the Company's activities.
The Risk Management policy of the Company provides assurance that the Company's financial risk activities are governed by appropriate policies and procedures and that financial risks are identified, measured and managed in accordance with the Company's policies and risk objectives. The Finance department activities are designed to:
- protect the Company's financial results and position from financial risks
- maintain market risks within acceptable parameters, while optimising returns; and
- protect the Company's financial investments, while maximising returns.
Market risk is the risk that the fair value of future Cash Flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market prices. Market risk comprises three types of risks: interest rate risk, currency risk and other price risk. Financial instruments affected by market risk includes borrowings, investments, trade payables, trade receivables and loans.
1) Interest Rate Risk
Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future Cash Flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. The Company's exposure to the risk of changes in market interest rates relates primarily to the Company's total debt obligations with floating interest rates.
Interest rate sensitiviy
The following table demonstrates the sensitivity to a reasonably possible change in interest rates on that portion of loans and borrowings affected. With all other variables held constant, the Company's profit before tax is affected through the impact on floating rate borrowings, as follows :
3) Equity Price Risk
Equity price risk is related to the change in market reference price of the investments in quoted equity securities. The fair value of some of the Company's investments exposes the Company to Equity Price risks. At the reporting date, the Companies Equity Shares are carried at fair value.
Customer credit risk is managed by the Company's established policy, procedures and control relating to customer credit risk management. Credit quality of a customer is assessed based on customer profiling, credit worthiness and market intelligence.
Financial Assets are written off when there is no reasonable expectation of recovery, such as a debtor failing to engage in a repayment plan with the Company. Where loans or receivables have been written off, the Company continues to engage in enforcement activity to attempt to recover the receivable due. Where recoveries are made, these are recognized as income in the statement of Profit and Loss.
The Company measures the expected credit loss of trade receivables and loan from individual customers based on historical trend, industry practices and the business environment in which the entity operates. Loss rates are based on actual credit loss experience and past trends. Based on the historical data, loss on collection of receivable is not material hence no additional provision considered.
D Liquidity Risk
The objective of liquidity risk management is to maintain sufficient liquidity and ensure that funds are available for use as per requirements. The Company has obtained term loan from banks and working capital loans from directors.
E Capital Management
The Company considers that capital includes net debt and equity attributable to the equity holders.
The primary objective of the Company's capital management is to ensure that it maintains a strong credit rating and healthy credit ratios in order to support its business and maximise shareholders value.
The Company manages its capital structure and makes adjustments to it, in light of changes in economic conditions. To maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Company may adjust the dividend payment to shareholders, return capital to shareholders or issue new shares.
No changes were made in the objectives, policies or processes for managing capital during the years ended March 31, 2026 and March 31, 2025.
The Company monitors capital using a gearing ratio which is total capital divided by Net debt. The Company includes within Net debt, interest bearing loans and borrowings, trade and other payables, less cash and cash equivalents excluding discontinued operations.
NOTE 47 - EVENTS OCCURRING AFTER BALANCE SHEET
According to the management's evaluation at events subsequent to the balance sheet date, there were no significant adjusting events that occurred other than those disclosed/given effect to, in these Financial Statements as of 31 March, 2026.
NOTE 48
Section 135 of Companies Act,2013 on Corporate Social Responsibility is not applicable to the company for F.Y 2025-26.
NOTE 49
The Company has not given any loan or issued any guarantee which is required to be maintained under Section 186 of the Companies Act, 2013 and read with the Companies (Meetings of Board and its Powers) rules, 2014.
Remark for variance more than 25%:
a Debts service coverage ratio : Improved due to repayment of borrowings
b The Company does not have any Benami property, where any proceeding has been initiated or pending against the Company for holding any Benami property.
c The Company is not declared as willful defaulter by any bank or financial institution (as defined under the Companies Act, 2013) or consortium thereof or other lender in accordance with the guidelines on willful defaulters issued by the Reserve Bank of India.
d The Company does not have any transactions with struck-off companies.
e The Company does not have any charges or satisfaction which is yet to be registered with the Registrar of Companies (ROC) beyond the statutory period.
f The Company does not have any transactions which is not recorded in the books of accounts but has been surrendered or disclosed as income during the year in the tax assessments under the Income Tax Act, 1961 ( such as, search or survey or any other relevant provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961).
g The Company has not traded or invested in Crypto currency or Virtual Currency during the financial year.
h The Company has compiled with the number of layers prescribed under clause (87) of section 2 of the Companies Act 2013
read with Companies (Restrictions on number of Layers) Rules, 2017.
i The Company has not advanced or laned or invested funds to any other person(s) or entity(is), including foreign entities(intermediaries),with the understanding that the intermediary shall directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Company (Ultimate Beneficiaries), or Provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
j The Company has not received any funds from any person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Funding Party) with the understanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the Company shall directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party (Ultimate beneficiaries), or Provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
k The Company has neither declared nor paid any dividend during the year.
l Information with regard to other matters specified in Schedule III to the Act is either Nil or not applicable to the Company for the year.
NOTE 51 - Confirmation letters have been sent in respect of sundry debtors / loans and advances / sundry creditors of which certain confirmations have been received which are accordingly accounted and reconciled. The remaining balances have been shown as per books of accounts and are subject to reconciliation adjustments, if any. In the opinion of the management, the realizable value of the current assets, loans and advances in the ordinary course of business will not be less than the value at which they are stated in the balance sheet .
NOTE 52 - On November 21, 2025, the Government of India notified the four Labour Codes - the Code on Wages, 2019, the Industrial Relations Code, 2020, the Code on Social Security, 2020 and the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020 - consolidating 29 existing labour laws, collectively referred to as the 'New Labour Codes'. The impact of these changes, assessed by the Company, on the basis of the information available read with the FAQs released by Ministry of Labour & Employment , consistent with the guidance provided by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, is not material and has been recognised in the financial statement of the company for the ended March 31,2026. The Company continues to monitor developments on the rules to be notified by regulatory authorities, including clarifications/ additional guidance from authorities and will continue to assess the accounting implications basis such developments/ guidance.
NOTE 53 - The financial statements are approved for issue by the Audit Committee and by the Board of Directors at its meeting held on 22th May, 2026
NOTE 54 - Maintenance of Audit Trail (Edit Log) and Backup of Audit Trail (Edit Log)
a) The Company maintains its books of account in electronic form using TERP software, which has a feature of recording audit trail (edit log). The audit trail feature has operated throughout the year for all relevant transactions recorded in the software. During the course of audit, no instance of tampering with the audit trail was observed, and the audit trail has been preserved by the Company in accordance with the applicable statutory requirements for record retention. However, the Fixed Assets Register relating to Property, Plant and Equipment (including Intangible Assets), the payroll processing records, and the inventory register are maintained in Microsoft Excel. Since Microsoft Excel does not have an audit trail (edit log) feature, no audit trail is maintained for these records.
NOTE 55 - Previous year's figures have been regrouped/ reclassified wherever necessary to correspond with the current year's classification/ disclosure.
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