2.10 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets:
General
A provision is recognized if, as a result of a past event, the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation that is reasonably estimable, and it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation. If the effect of time value of money is material, Provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability.
Warranty provisions
Provisions for warranty-related costs are recognised when the product is sold to the customer. Initial recognition is based on historical experience. The initial estimate of warranty- related costs is revised annually.
A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be
confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the control of the Company or a present obligation that is not recognized because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation. A contingent liability also arises in extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot be recognized because it cannot be measured reliably. The Company does not recognize a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial statements."
Contingent assets are neither recognized nor disclosed except when realisation of income is virtually certain, related asset is disclosed.
2.11 Revenue Recognition:
Revenue from sale of goods is recognised when all the control of the goods are transferred to the customer at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Revenue towards satisfaction of a performance obligation is measured at the amount of transaction price (net of variable consideration) allocated to that performance obligation. The transaction price of goods sold and services rendered is net of variable consideration on account of various discounts, schemes, Goods and Service Tax (GST) offered by the Company as part of the contract.
Dividend income on investments is recognised when the right to receive dividend is established.
Interest income is recognized on a time proportionate basis taking into account the amounts invested and the rate of interest. For all financial instruments measured at amortised cost, interest income is recorded using the effective interest rate method to the net carrying amount of the financial assets."
2.12 Employee Benefits
(a) Short-term employee benefits
All employee benefits payable wholly within twelve months of rendering the service are classified as short-term employee benefits and they are recognized in the period in which the employee renders the related service. The Company recognizes the undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for services rendered as a liability (accrued expense) after deducting any amount already paid.
(b) Post-employment benefit plans
Defined contribution plans
Defined contribution plans are employee state insurance scheme and Government administered pension fund scheme for all applicable employees.
Recognition and measurement of defined contribution plans:
The Company recognizes contribution payable to a defined contribution plan as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the employees render services to the Company during the reporting period. If the contributions payable for services received from employees before the reporting date exceeds the contributions already paid, the deficit payable is recognized as a liability after deducting the contribution already paid. If the contribution already paid exceeds the contribution due for services received before the reporting date, the excess is recognized as an asset to the extent that the prepayment will lead to, for example, a reduction in future payments or a cash refund.
Defined benefit plans
Gratuity scheme(unfunded):
Gratuity is a post employment benefit and is a defined benefit plan. The cost of providing defined benefits is determined using the Projected Unit Credit method with actuarial valuations being carried out at each reporting date. The defined benefit obligations recognized in the Balance Sheet represent the present value of the defined benefit obligations as reduced by the fair value of plan assets, if any. Any defined benefit asset (negative defined benefit obligations resulting from this calculation) is recognized representing the present value of available refunds and reductions in future contributions to the plan.
Recognition and measurement of defined benefit plans
All expenses represented by current service cost, past service cost, if any, and net interest on the defined benefit liability / (asset) are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Remeasurements of the net defined benefit liability / (asset) comprising actuarial gains and losses and the return on the plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability/asset), are recognized in Other Comprehensive Income. Such remeasurements are not reclassified to the Statement of Profit and Loss in the subsequent periods.
2.13 Income Taxes:
Tax expense is the aggregate amount included in the determination of profit or loss for the period in respect of current tax and deferred tax.
Current tax
Current tax is the amount of income taxes payable in respect of taxable profit for a period. Taxable profit differs from 'profit before tax' as reported in the Statement of Profit and Loss because of items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and items that are never taxable or deductible under the Income Tax Act, 1961. Current tax is measured using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of reporting period for the amounts expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities.
Current income tax relating to items recognised outside profit or loss is recognised outside profit or loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity). Current tax items are recognised in correlation to the underlying transaction either in OCI or directly in equity. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate.
Deferred tax
Deferred tax is recognized on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit under Income tax Act, 1961.
Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognized for all taxable temporary differences. However, in case of temporary differences that arise from initial recognition of assets or liabilities in a transaction (other than business combination) that affect neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit, deferred tax liabilities are not recognized. Also, for temporary differences if any that may arise from initial recognition of goodwill, deferred tax liabilities are not recognized.
Deferred tax assets are generally recognized for all deductible temporary differences to the extent it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary difference can be utilized. In case of temporary differences that arise from initial recognition of assets or liabilities in a transaction (other than business combination) that affect neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit, deferred tax assets are not recognized. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow the benefits of part or all of such deferred tax assets to be utilized.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date and are expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.
The Company has not recognised a deferred tax liability for all taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries and associates, and interests in joint arrangements, except to the extent that both of the following conditions are satisfied:
- the parent, investor, joint venture or joint operator is able to control the timing of the reversal of the temporary difference; and
- it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future.
Deferred tax relating to items recognised outside profit or loss is recognised outside profit or loss (either in other comprehensive income or in equity). Deferred tax items are recognised in correlation to the underlying transaction either in OCI or directly in equity.
Presentation of current and deferred tax:
Current and deferred tax are recognized as income or an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss, except when they relate to items that are recognized in Other Comprehensive Income, in which case, the current and deferred tax income/ expense are recognized in Other Comprehensive Income. The Company offsets current tax assets and current tax liabilities, where it has a legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts and where it intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. In case of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities, the same are offset if the Company has a legally enforceable right to set off corresponding current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the same tax authority on the Company.
2.14 Impairment of non-financial assets
At each reporting date, the Company assesses whether there is any indication that an asset may be impaired. If such indication exists, or when annual impairment testing is required, the recoverable amount of an asset or cash¬ generating unit (CGU) is estimated. Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs of disposal and value in use and is determined for individual assets unless cash inflows are not largely independent, in which case the CGU is tested.
An impairment loss is recognised when the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount. Value in use is determined by discounting estimated future cash flows using a pre-tax rate reflecting market assessments and asset-specific risks. Fair value less costs of disposal is based on observable market transactions or appropriate valuation techniques, supported by other available indicators.
For assets other than goodwill, previously recognised impairment losses are reversed only if there is a change in the assumptions used to determine the recoverable amount. Reversal is limited so that the carrying amount does not exceed the recoverable amount or the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognised. Reversals are recognised in profit or loss unless the asset is carried at a revalued amount.
Goodwill is measured at cost less accumulated impairment losses and allocated to CGUs expected to benefit from the business combination. CGUs with goodwill are tested for impairment annually, or more frequently if indicators exist. Any impairment loss is allocated first to goodwill and then to other assets of the CGU on a pro-rata basis and is recognised in profit or loss. Impairment losses for goodwill are not reversed.
2.15 Earnings Per Share:
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders (after deducting attributable taxes) by the weighted-average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. The weighted-average number of equity shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for events including a bonus issue.
For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted-average number of shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.
2.16 Events after reporting date
Where events occurring after the balance sheet date provide evidence of conditions that existed at the end of the reporting period, the impact of such events is adjusted within the financial statements. Otherwise, events after the balance sheet date of material size or nature are only disclosed.
2.17 Business combination
Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition method. The cost of an acquisition is measured as the aggregate of the consideration transferred measured at acquisition date fair value and the amount of any noncontrolling interests in the acquiree. For each business combination, the company elects whether to measure the noncontrolling interests in the acquiree at fair value or at the proportionate share of the acquiree's identifiable net assets. Acquisition- related costs are expensed as incurred.
At the acquisition date, the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed are recognised at their acquisition date fair values. For this purpose, the liabilities assumed include contingent liabilities representing present obligation and they are measured at their acquisition fair values irrespective of the fact that outflow of resources embodying economic benefits is not probable.
When the company acquires a business, it assesses the financial assets and liabilities assumed for appropriate classification and designation in accordance with the contractual terms, economic circumstances and pertinent conditions as at the acquisition date. This includes
the separation of embedded derivatives in host contracts by the acquiree. "
If the business combination is achieved in stages, any previously held equity interest is re-measured at its acquisition date fair value and any resulting gain or loss is recognised in Profit and Loss or OCI, as appropriate.
Any contingent consideration to be transferred by the acquirer is recognised at fair value at the acquisition date.
Goodwill is initially measured at cost, being the excess of the aggregate of the consideration transferred and the amount recognised for non¬ controlling interests, and any previous interest held, over the net identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. If the fair value of the net assets acquired is in excess of the aggregate consideration transferred, the company re¬ assesses whether it has correctly identified all of the assets acquired and all of the liabilities assumed and reviews the procedures used to measure the amounts to be recognised at the acquisition date. If the reassessment still results in an excess of the fair value of net assets acquired over the aggregate consideration transferred, then the gain is recognised in OCI and accumulated in equity as capital reserve. However, if there is no clear evidence of bargain purchase, the entity recognises the gain directly in equity as capital reserve, without routing the same through OCI."
2.18 Property, plant and equipment
Measurement at recognition
An item of property, plant and equipment that qualifies as an asset is measured on initial recognition at cost. Following initial recognition, items of property, plant and equipment are carried at its cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses.
The cost of an item of property, plant and equipment comprises of its purchase price including import duties and other non-refundable purchase taxes or levies, directly attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use and the initial estimate of decommissioning, restoration and similar liabilities, if any. Any trade discounts and rebates are deducted in arriving at the purchase price. Cost includes cost of replacing a part of a plant and equipment if the recognition criteria are met. Items such as spare parts, stand-by equipment
and servicing equipment that meet the definition of property, plant and equipment are capitalized at cost and depreciated over their useful life. Costs in nature of repairs and maintenance are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss as and when incurred.
The residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation of property, plant and equipment are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.
Capital work-in-progress and capital advances:
Cost of assets not ready for intended use, as on the balance sheet date, is shown as capital work- in-progress. Advances given towards acquisition of property, plant and equipment outstanding at each balance sheet date are disclosed as other non-financial assets.
The Company has no Intangible assets in the nature of Goodwill or Misc. Expenditure.
The Company has no jointly owned assets.
Costs of borrowing related to the acquisition or construction of fixed assets that are attributable to the qualifying assets are capitalised as part of the cost of such asset. All other borrowing costs are recognized as expenses in the periods in which they are incurred. An item of property, plant and equipment and any significant part initially recognised is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in the Statement of profit and loss when such asset is derecognised."
Subsequent cost
Subsequent costs are included in the asset's carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with expenditure will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. All other subsequent cost are charged to Statement of profit and loss at the time of incurrence.
Depreciation
Depreciation on each part of an item of property, plant and equipment is provided using the straight line method based on the useful life of
the asset as prescribed in Schedule II to the Act. Depreciation is calculated on a pro-rata basis from the date of installation till date the assets are sold or disposed. Leasehold improvements are amortised over the underlying lease term on a straight line basis. "
Impairment
At each Balance Sheet date, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of its fixed assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset's net selling price and value in use. In assessing the value in use, the estimated future cash flows expected from the continuing use of the asset and from its ultimate disposal are discounted to their present values using a pre-determined discount rate that reflects the current market assessments of the time value of money and risks specific to the asset.
De-recognition
The carrying amount of an item of property, plant and equipment is derecognized on disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. The gain or loss arising from the de-recognition of an item of property, plant and equipment is measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the item and is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the item is derecognized.
Transition to Ind AS
On transition to Ind AS, the company has elected to continue with the carrying value of all of its property, plant and equipment recognised and measured as per the previous GAAP and use that carrying value as the deemed cost of the property, plant and equipment
2.19 Lease Accounting
At inception of the contract, the Company assesses whether a contract is, or contains, a lease. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract coveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, the Company assesses whether:
(i) The contract involves use of an identified asset, whether specified explicitly or implicitly;
(ii) The Company has the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset throughout the period of use;
(iii) The Company has right to direct the use of the asset by either having right to operate the asset or the Company having designed the asset in a way that predetermines how and for what purpose it will be used.
Accounting as a lessee
The Company recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made on or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of cost to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentive received
The right-of-use asset is subsequently measured at cost less accumulated depreciation, accumulated impairment losses, if any and adjusted for any remeasurement of the lease liability. The right-of-use asset is depreciated using straight line method from the commencement date to the earlier of, the end of the useful life of the right-of-use asset or the end of lease term. The estimates of useful lives of right-of-use assets are determined on the same basis as those of property, plant and equipment. In addition, the right-of-use asset is periodically reduced by impairment losses, if any, and adjusted for certain remeasurements of lease liability.
The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments, that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if that rate cannot be readily determined, the Company's incremental borrowing rate. The lease liability is subsequently measured at amortised cost. The lease payments shall include fixed payments, variable lease payments, residual value guarantees, exercise price of a purchase option where the Company is reasonably certain to exercise that option and payment of penalties for terminating the lease, if the lease term reflects the lessee exercising an option to terminate the lease. The lease liability is subsequently remeasured
by increasing the carrying amount to reflect interest on lease liability, reducing the carrying amount to reflect the lease payments made and remeasuring the carrying amount to reflect any reassessment or lease modifications or to reflect revised-in-substance fixed lease payments.
The Company has elected not to recognise right- of-use asset and lease liabilities for short term leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less and leases of low value assets. The Company recognises the lease payments associated with these leases as an expense on straight line basis over the lease term."
2.20 Foreign Currency Translation
Foreign currency transactions are translated into Indian Rupee (INR) which is the functional currency (i.e. the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates) using the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year end exchange rates are recognised in profit or loss.
Foreign Currency non-monetary items carried in terms of historical cost are reported using the exchange rate at the date of the transactions."
2.21 Segment reporting
Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM) of the Company. The CODM is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance of the operating segments of the Company.
2.22 Recent pronouncement
The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (“MCA”) notifies new standards or amendments to the existing standards under Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issued from time to time.
In May 2025, MCA notified amendments to Ind AS 21 - The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates, applicable w.e.f. April 1, 2025. The Company has reviewed the amendment and based on its evaluation has determined that it does not have any significant impact in its financial statements."
In August 2025, MCA notified the following amendments to:
1. I nd AS 1, Presentation of Financial Statements, applicable w.e.f. April 1, 2025
- The amendment relates to classification of liabilities as current or non current and non-current liabilities with covenants. In the context of classifying a liability as current, it removes the requirement of existence of a right to defer settlement for at least 12 months after the reporting date and instead requires that the said right should exist on the reporting date and have substance.
The amendment also introduces guidance on classification of liabilities with covenants. The Company has no impact of these amendments in its classification criteria of current and non-current liabilities."
2. Ind AS 7, Statement of Cash Flows and Ind
AS 107, Financial Instruments: Disclosures, applicable w.e.f. April 1, 2025 - The
amendment in Ind AS 7 requires to inform users of financial statements of the existence of supplier finance arrangements and explain the nature of the arrangements, the carrying amount of liabilities and the range of payment due dates. Ind AS 107 has been amended to add supplier finance arrangements as a factor that may cause concentration of liquidity risk. The Company has reviewed the amendment and based on its evaluation has determined that it does not have any significant impact in its financial statements."
3. Ind AS 12, International Tax Reform - Pillar Two Model Rules applicable immediately
- The amendments provide a temporary mandatory relief from deferred tax accounting for top-up tax and disclose that they have applied the relief. This relief is immediate and applies retrospectively. The Company has reviewed the amendment and based on its evaluation has determined that it does not have any significant impact in its financial statements."
(d) Terms & Rights attached to Equity Shareholders
The Company has issued only one class of equity shares having a par value of C 10 per share. Each equity shareholder is entitled to one vote per share. In the event of liquidation of the Company, the holders of equity shares will be entitled to receive remaining assets of the Company, after distribution of all preferential amounts, in proportion to their shareholding. Any dividend proposed by the Board of Directors is subject to the approval of the shareholders in the ensuing Annual General Meeting, except in case of interim dividend.
(e) As per records of the Company, including its register of shareholders, the above shareholding represents both legal and beneficial ownership of shares.
(f) The Company has neither bought back any shares nor issued any bonus shares during the current year or the preceding year.
Note 15.1 - An aggregate of 1,06,02,960 equity shares of C 10 each were issued pursuant to amalgamation in FY 2024-25, without payment being received in cash during the period of five years immediately preceding the reporting date. (Further details of the amalgamation are provided in Note 42)
Note 15.2 - The board of directors of Gretex Industries Limited vide its circular resolution dated 29th May ,2025 have considered and approved the allotment of 6,91,500 equity shares of face value of C 10 each by way of preferential issue at an issue price of C236 each (including a premium of C 226 each) for cash consideration to certain identified persons belongings to promoters and non-promoter group of Company.
Additional disclosure pursuant to Schedule III:
(i) The Company does not have any shares reserved for issue under options, contracts or commitments for the sale of shares or disinvestment as at the reporting date.
(ii) There are no calls unpaid, including by Directors and Officers, as at the reporting date.
(iii) There are no forfeited shares outstanding as at the reporting date.
Description and nature of Other Equity:
(i) Share Application Money Pending Allotment : Share Application Money Pending Allotment represents amounts received for equity shares that are yet to be allotted as of the reporting date. Once the allotment process is completed, the balance will be transferred to Equity Share Capital. Until then, this amount is presented separately under ‘Other Equity' in accordance with the Companies Act, 2013 and the applicable accounting standards.
(ii) Securities Premium : Securities premium is used to record premium received on issue of shares. The reserve is utilised in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013.
(iii) Retained Earnings : This Reserve represents the cumulative profits of the Company and effects of remeasurement of defined benefit obligations. This Reserve can be utilized in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013.
(iv) Capital Reserve : The negative capital reserve represents loss on exchange ratio on account of amalgamation with Apsara Selections Limited and Sankhu Merchandise Private Limited. Such negative balance is presented separately under other Equity and shall be adjusted in accordance with applicable standards and provisions of Companies Act,2013.
(v) Other Comprehensive Income : This represents the cumulative gains and losses arising on the revaluation of financial instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income, under an irrevocable option, net of amounts reclassified to retained earnings when such assets are disposed off, if any. Remeasurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised directly in other comprehensive income.
(vi) Share warrant : This represent instruments issued by the company entitling the holder to subscribe equivalent number of shares at a pre-determined price within the specified exercise period in accordance with terms of issue.
NOTE 16.1- Money received against share warrants
The board of Directors of Gretex Industries Limited vide its circular resolution dated 29th May, 2025 have considered and approved allotment of 13,64,410 equity warrants at a price of C236/- per warrant of face value of C10 per share warrant(including a premium of C226 per share warrant) aggregating upto 3,220 Lakhs with a right to warrant holders to apply for equivalent number of equity shares of the face value of C10 within a period of 18 (eighteen) months from the date of allotment of warrants.
An amount equivalent to 25% of warrant issue price received at the time of subscription and allotment of each warrant and balance 75% shall be payable by warrant holder on the exercise of warrant.
Amount raised during the year 13,64,410 equity warrant at the rate of 25% of warrant price per share i.e. C236 per warrant aggregating to C 805 Lakh and outstanding amount of 75% of warrant price per share i.e. C236 per warrant aggregating to C2,415 Lakh will be receivable on exercise of warrant by warrant holder i.e. on allotment of equity shares.
Disclosure under the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Act,2006 ("MSMED Act, 2006") is as under:
Note:
Information as required to be furnished as per section 22 of the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006 (MSMED Act) is given below. This information has been determined to the extent such parties have been identified on the basis of information available with the Company.
NOTE 35: RELATED PARTY DISCLOSURES
In accordance with the requirements of IND AS 24, on Related Party Disclosures, name of the related party, related party relationship,transactions and outstanding balances including commitments where control exists and with whom transactions have taken place during reported periods, are provided below:
(a) Short Term Employee Benefits:
The undiscounted amount of short term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the services rendered by employees are recognised as an expense during the period when the employees render the services.
(b) Long Term Employee Benefits :
Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related service are recognised as a liability as at the Balance Sheet date on the basis of actuarial valuation as per Projected Unit Credit Method.
Post-Employment Benefits
(c) Defined Contribution Plans
A defined contribution plan is a post-employment benefit plan under which the Company pays specified contributions towards Provident Fund, Employee State Insurance and Pension Scheme. The Company's contribution is recognised as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss during the period in which the employee renders the related service.
(d) Defined Benefit Plans (i) Gratuity :
The Company offers gratuity plan for its qualified employees which is payable as per the requirements of Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972. The benefit vests upon completion of five years of continuous service and once vested it is payable to employees on retirement or on termination of employment. In case of death while in service, the gratuity is payable irrespective of vesting.
Benefit Risks in Defined Benefit Schemes
1 Risk to the beneficiary
The greatest risk to the beneficiary is that there are insufficient funds available to provide the promised benefits. This may be due to:
- The insufficient funds set aside, i.e. underfunding
- The insolvency of the Employer
- The holding of investments which are not matched to the liabilities
- Or a combination of these events
2 Parameter risk
Actuarial valuation is done basis some assumptions like salary inflation, discount rate and attrition rate assumptions. In case the actual experience varies from the assumptions, fund may be insufficient to pay off the liabilities.
For example: the plan's liability is calculated with salary inflation assumption of 5% per annum. However, Company's' actual practice is to provide increment of 10% per annum. This will result into rise in liability and hence, underfunding.
Similarly, reduction in discount rate in subsequent future years can increase the plan's liability.
Further, actual withdrawals may be lower or higher than what was assumed in the valuation, may also impact the plan's liability.
3 Risk of illiquid Assets
Another risk is that the funds, although sufficient, are not available when they are required to finance the benefits. This may be due to assets being locked for longer period or in illiquid assets.
4 Risk of Benefit Change/ Regulatory Risk
There may be a risk that the benefit promised is changed or is changeable within the terms of the contract. For example, Regulator may increase the benefits payable under defined benefit plans.
5 Asset liability mismatching risk
ALM risk arises due to a mismatch between assets and liabilities either due to liquidity or changes in interest rates or due to different duration.
For example: The liability duration is 10 years. While assets are locked in 5-year g-sec securities. After 5 years, there is huge reinvestment risk to invest maturity proceeds of assets due to uncertainty about the market prevailing yields at that time.
NOTE 38: FIRST TIME ADOPTION OF IND AS
These financial statements, for the year ended 31st March 2026, is the first time the Company has prepared in accordance with Ind AS. For periods up to and including the year ended 31st March 2025, the Company prepared its financial statements in accordance with accounting standards notified under section 133 of the Companies Act 2013, read together with paragraph 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 (Indian GAAP).
Accordingly, the Company has prepared financial statements which comply with Ind AS applicable for period ending on 31st March 2026, together with the comparative period data as at and for the year ended 31st March 2025, as described in the summary of material accounting policies. In preparing these financial statements, the Company's opening balance sheet was prepared as at 1st April 2024, the Company's date of transition to Ind AS. This note explains exemptions availed by the Company in restating its Indian GAAP financial statements, including the balance sheet as at 1st April 2024 and the financial statements as at and for the year ended 31st March 2025.
"In preparing these Ind AS financial statements, the Company has availed certain exemptions and exceptions in accordance with Ind AS 101, as explained below. The resulting difference between the carrying values of the assets and liabilities in the financial statements as at the transition date under Ind AS and Previous GAAP have been recognised directly in equity (retained earnings or another appropriate category of equity). This note explains the adjustments made by the Company in restating its financial statements prepared under previous GAAP, including the Balance Sheet as at 1st April, 2024 and the financial statements as at and for the year ended 31st March, 2025.
Exemptions applied 1 Mandatory exemptions
a) Estimates
On assessment of the estimates made under the Previous GAAP financial statements, the Company has concluded that there is no necessity to revise the estimates under Ind AS, as there is no objective evidence of an error in those estimates. However, estimates that were required under Ind AS but not required under Previous GAAP are made by the Company for the relevant reporting dates reflecting conditions existing as at that date.
b) Classification and measurement of financial instruments
The classification of financial assets or financial liability to be measured at amortised cost or fair value through other comprehensive income or fair value through Profit & Loss is made on the basis of the facts and circumstances that existed on the date of transition to Ind AS.
c) Deemed cost-Previous GAAP carrying amount
Since there is no change in the functional currency, the company has elected to continue with the carrying value for all of Property, Plant and Equipment, Intangible Assets & Investment Property, as recognised in its Indian GAAP financial as deemed cost at the transition date.
The impact of recognising accumulated depreciation up to the date of transition has been adjusted against retained earnings as at the transition date in accordance with Ind AS 101
d) Business Combination
The company has elected not to apply Ind AS 103 Business Combinations retrospectively to past business combinations that occurred before the transition date i.e. 1st April 2024.
(b) Fair value hierarchy
The fair value of financial assets and liabilities are included at the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced sale or liquidation sale. Methods and assumptions used to estimate the fair values are consistent in all the years. Fair value of financial instruments referred to in note (a) above has been classified into three categories depending on the inputs used in the valuation technique. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities and lowest priority to unobservable entity specific inputs.
The financial instruments are categorized into three levels based on the inputs used to arrive at fair value measurements as decided below:
Level 1 - Quoted (unadjusted) prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 - Other techniques for which all inputs which have a significant effect on the recorded fair value are observable, either directly or indirectly.
Level 3 - Techniques which use inputs that have a significant effect on the recorded fair value that are not based on observable market data.
NOTE 40: FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT
Company's business activities are exposed to a variety of financial risks like credit risk, market risks and liquidity risk. Company's senior management is responsible for establishing and monitoring the risk management framework within its overall risk management objectives and strategies approved by the Board of Directors. Such risk management strategies and objectives are established to identify and analyse potential risks faced by the Company, set and monitor appropriate risk limits and controls, periodically review the changes in market conditions and assess risk management performance. Any change in Company's risk management objectives and policies need approval of it's Board of Directors.
(a) Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Company if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual obligations, and arises principally from the Company's receivables from customers and other receivables. The carrying amounts of financial assets represent the maximum credit exposure.
i) Trade and other receivables
The Company's credit risk exposure is primarily influenced by customer-specific characteristics and the default risk associated with the industry and country in which they operate. Credit risk is managed through credit approvals, defined credit limits, and ongoing monitoring of customer creditworthiness. The Company recognizes allowances for doubtful debts and impairments, representing estimated incurred losses on trade receivables, other receivables, and investments.
ii) Cash and Bank balance (including other bank balance)
The Company held cash and cash equivalents and other bank balances with credit worthy banks and financial institutions. The credit worthiness of such banks and financial institutions is evaluated by management on an ongoing basis and is considered to be good.
(b) Market risk:
Market risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market prices. Market risk comprises two types of risk: Currency risk and other price risk such as commodity price risk. Financial instruments affected by market risk include trade payables, trade receivables and deposits.
i) Price risk
Commodity price risk arises from fluctuations in lead prices. The Company manages this risk within a defined risk management framework through centralized trading operations and control processes. In line with its risk management policy, the Company may enter into derivative contracts, including exchange-traded futures, options, and swaps, to hedge its exposure. However, as at 31st March 2026, the Company had no outstanding derivative contracts.
ii) Currency risk
The Company is not exposed to currency risk on account of its operating activities. The functional currency of the Company is Indian Rupee.
(c) Liquidity risk:
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they become due. The Company manages its liquidity risk by ensuring, as far as possible, that it will always have sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities when due, under both normal and stressed conditions, without incurring unacceptable losses or risk to the Company's reputation.
The following table shows the remaining contractual maturities of financial liabilities at the reporting date. The amounts reported are on gross and undiscounted basis and includes contractual interest payments.
(d) Capital management
For the purpose of Company's capital management, capital includes issued equity share capital, retained earnings and short-term borrowings less cash and cash equivalents. The primary objective of capital management is to maintain an efficient capital structure to reduce the cost of capital, support corporate expansion strategies and to maximise shareholder's value. Company has fund based credit facilities with banks from which it borrows during peak seasons to meet its working capital requirements. Further, the Company borrows funds from its group Companies at market rates, as and when required for managing its working capital requirements.
NOTE 41(a): AMALGAMATION NOTE
Pursuant to the Composite Scheme of Amalgamation ("the Scheme”) sanctioned by The National Company Law Tribunal, Kolkata Bench, on 02nd April, 2024 for the amalgamation of Apsara Selections Limited and Sankhu Merchandise Private Limited (collectively referred to as the "Transferor Companies”) with Gretex Industries Limited ("the transferee Company”). The Scheme has been given effect to in the financial statements for the year ended 31st March 2025 and 1st April 2024, using the pooling of interest method prescribed under Ind AS 103 - Business Combinations. Previous period figures, where applicable, have been restated accordingly.
The Board of Directors of the Company at its meeting held on 08th June, 2020, had considered and approved the amalgamation of ""Transferor Companies"" into and with the Company by way of separate schemes of amalgamation.
In accordance with the Scheme and the valuation report by a Registered Valuer, the shareholders of the Transferor Companies were allotted equity shares of the Company in the following exchange ratios:
Apsara Selections Limited - 13 shares of the Company for every 1 share held.
Sankhu Merchandise Private Limited - 21 shares of the Company for every 1 shares held.
The amalgamation of Apsara Selections Limited and Sankhu Merchandise Private Limited with Gretex Industries Limited aims to consolidate operations, optimize resources, and achieve economies of scale. It will strengthen the financial and capital base, enhance retained earnings, improve creditworthiness, and streamline the corporate structure. The combined entity will also leverage managerial and marketing strengths, facilitate future expansion and diversification, and promote overall business efficiency and growth.
The consideration for the amalgamation was discharged through the issuance of equity shares. The difference between the net assets of the Transferor Companies and the equity shares issued, amounting to ^16,265.76, has been recognized in Other Equity.
NOTE 41(b) : EFFECT OF AMALGAMATION
(i) The Hon'ble National Company Law Tribunal, Kolkata Bench, in the matter of C.P. (CAA) No vide its order/ company petitions no-11/KB/2022 dated 2nd April 2024 has sanctioned the Scheme of Amalgamation of Apsara Selections Limited and Sankhu Merchandise Private Limited (Transferor Companies) with Gretex Industries Limited (Transferee Company) pursuant to Section 233 of the Companies Act, 2013.
(ii) The Transferor Companies and the Transferee Company respectively will comply with all the applicable provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 for registering the order passed by the Hon'ble National Company Law Tribunal, Kolkata Bench.
(iii) As per the Scheme of Amalgamation, all the Assets and Liabilities including Other Equity of the erstwhile Transferor Company will stand transferred and vested with the Company as on and from the Appointed Date, i.e., 1st January 2020 as the certified copy of order was received on 22nd April 2024.
(iv) The company has recorded in its books all the Assets and Liabilities including Other Equity of the erstwhile Transferor Company as on 1st January 2020 the Transfer date by booking them on one to one basis.
(v) The Transferee Company is taking appropriate steps for registering in its name all assets that are registered in the name of erstwhile Transferor Company.
(vi) The accounting for Amalgamation is being done on the basis of business combination of entities under common control in accordance with Indian Accounting Standard AS-103.
(vii) As per the scheme of Amalgamation, the Authorized Capital of the Transferor Company is transferred to and amalgamated with the authorized share capital of the Transferee Company.
(viii) Upon the Scheme being sanctioned by the Hon'ble National Company Law Tribunal, Kolkata Bench and transfer being taken place as stipulated under different clause here in terms of the Scheme, the transferee company shall without any further application issue and allot to every equity share holders of the Transferor Companies fully paid up shares of the Transferee Company. Pending issue of such shares as on 31st March 2024, the face value of shares to be issued has been accounted under Share Application Money Pending Allotment.
(ix) While Calculating Earnings per share, we have considered outstanding paid up and issued shares of Transferee company only.
(x) Pursuant to the Scheme of Amalgamation and the valuation report issued by a Registered Valuer, the shareholders of the Transferor Companies were allotted equity shares of the Company in the following exchange ratios: Apsara Selections Limited - 13:1 and Sankhu Merchandise Private Limited - 21:1. Equity shares aggregating to ^1,06,029.60, having a face value of ^10 each, were issued to the shareholders of the Transferor Companies. The difference between the share capital issued and the share capital of the Transferor Companies taken over has been transferred to Capital Reserve amounting to (^99,350.40).
The retained earnings and securities premium of the Transferor Companies amounting to ^16,563.52 and ^66,521.12, respectively, have been recorded in the books of the Company. All assets and liabilities of the Transferor Companies have been recognised by the Company at their respective book values, in accordance with Ind As -103.
NOTE 41(c): EVENTS AFTER REPORTING PERIOD
The amalgamation became effective on 2nd April, 2024. However, the appointed date of the amalgamation was 1st January, 2020, pursuant to which the merger has been accounted for in FY 2023-24. As the conditions relating to the amalgamation existed as at the reporting date, and the event occurred after the reporting period but before the approval of the financial statements, it qualifies as an adjusting event in accordance with IND AS 10 - Events after the Reporting Period. Accordingly, the financial statements for the year ended 31st March, 2024 have been adjusted to reflect the impact of the amalgamation.
NOTE 42: DISCLOSURE AS PER IND AS 116 LEASES
The Company has taken various assets on lease such as buildings, etc. Generally, leases are renewed only on mutual consent and at a prevalent market price.
a) Interest expense on lease liabilities amounts to C 8.01 (2024-25: C4.47 ).
b) The expense relating to payments not included in the measurement of lease liability and recognized as expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss during the year are as follows:
Rent expense of Short-term leases - C15.98 (2024-25: C13.38 )
c) Total cash out flow for leases amounts to C55.41 during the year (2024-25: C33.05).
NOTE 43: SEGMENT REPORTING
Operating Segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the Chief Operating Decision Maker (""CODM) of the company. The CODM is considered to be the Board of Directors who makes strategic decisions and responsible for allocating resources and assessing the financial performance of the operating segments.
The company's business activity fall within a single segment, which is trading of musical instruments whose risks and returns are similar to each other. Hence there is no business segments to be reported by the company in terms of IND AS 108 on Segment Reporting."
NOTE 44: CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND COMMITMENT
The company does not have any Capital Commitments as on reporting date. The details of contingent liability is given below :
The company has received notice from Ministry of Textiles Government of India dated 02nd March, 2026, where it is requested to refund the entire release subsidy amount of C29.74 Lakhs alongwith interest @10% p.a. from date of refund . The company vide its letter dated 26th March 2026 has reiterated initiating recovery after several years, during which they have operated in bona fide reliance on these funds, is inconsistent with administrative fairness and requested to withdraw the proposed recovery proceedings. The company is of the opinion that they will set relief on the same.
NOTE 45:CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
During the current & previous year the company was not required to comply with the provision of Section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013 relating to Corporate Social Responsibility.
The balance of C10,000/- represents CSR obligation pertaining to earlier financial year(s) and remains payable as at March 31, 2026."
NOTE 46:CODE ON SOCIAL SECURITY / LABOUR CODES
Based on the assessment carried out by the management, the Company does not expect any material impact arising from implementation of the Labour Codes on its financial statements.
NOTE 47: OTHER REGULATORY INFORMATION
(i) The Company does not have any Benami property, where any proceeding has been initiated or is pending against the Company for holding any Benami property.
(ii) The Company does not have any transactions with struck off companies.
(iii) The company has complied with the number of layers prescribed under clause (87) of section 2 of the Act read with Companies (Restriction on number of Layers) Rules, 2017.
(iv) The Company has not advanced or given loan or invested funds to or in any other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Intermediaries) with the understanding that the Intermediary shall:
(a) directly or indirectly lend to or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the company (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or
(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
(v) The Company has not received any fund from any person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Funding Party) with the understanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the company shall:
(a) directly or indirectly lend to or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or
(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the ultimate beneficiaries.
(vi) The Company does not have any such transaction which is not recorded in the books of accounts but has been surrendered or disclosed as income during the year in the tax assessments under the Income Tax Act, 1961 (such as, search or survey or any other relevant provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.
(vii) The Company has not traded or invested in Crypto currency or Virtual Currency during the financial year.
(viii) The Company has not been declared as wilful defaulter by any bank or financial institution or other lender.
(ix) The Company has not created any charge during the year.
NOTE 48. The figures for the previous years have been reclassified wherever necessary to make them comparable with the current year's presentation.
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