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Key audit matter
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How our audit addressed the key audit matter
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Assessment of provision made and contingent Liabilities disclosed with regards to iegai and reguiatory matters (Refer Notes 31(I)(b) to 31(I)(f) to the standaione financiai statements).
As of March 31, 2026, the Company has ongoing reguiatory proceedings, inspections and inquiries with SEBI (other than those described in the Emphasis of Matter paragraph above), case fiied by a competitor against the Company pending with Competition Appeiiate Tribunai and various other ongoing iitigations, inciuding those in reiation to its broker members.
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Our Audit Procedures inciuded the foiiowing-
• Understanding and evaiuating the design and testing the operating effectiveness of controis over the recognition, measurement, presentation and disciosures made in the standaione financiai statements in respect of these matters;
• Examining the detaiis of iitigations in respect of iegai, SEBI and other reguiatory proceedings, inspections and inquiries obtained from Management;
• Examining orders and/or communications with reguiatory authorities during the year and Management responses and reports thereto;
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Key audit matter
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How our audit addressed the key audit matter
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The Company has assessed the above pending matters reiated to iitigations, reguiatory proceedings, inspections and inquiries and has made provisions, wherever required and disciosed contingent iiabiiities, wherever appiicabie, in its standaione financiai statements. This area is considered as a key audit matter, as evaiuation of these matters requires Management judgement and estimation, interpretation of iaws and reguiations and appiication of reievant judiciai precedents to determine the probabiiity of outcome of ongoing proceedings and outflow of economic resources, if any, and the recognition of provisions, disciosure of contingent iiabiiities and reiated disciosures to be made in the standaione financiai statements.
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• Inspecting the supporting documents to evaiuate Management's assessment of probabiiity of outcome of ongoing proceedings, the magnitude of potentiai ioss, if any, and testing reiated provisions and disciosures made in the standaione financiai statements;
• Examining expert's iegai advice/opinion obtained by the Company's Management for evaiuating certain significant iegai and reguiatory matters; and
• Evaiuating competence and capabiiities of the Management's independent externai experts.
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1. We have audited the accompanying standalone financial statements of National Stock Exchange of India Limited ("the Company”), which comprise the Standalone Balance Sheet as at March 31, 2026, and the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss (including Other Comprehensive Income), the Standalone Statement of Changes in Equity and the Standalone Statement of Cash Flows for the year then ended, and notes to the standalone financial statements, including material accounting policy information and other explanatory information.
2. In our opinion and to the best of our information and according to the explanations given to us, the aforesaid standalone financial statements give the information required by the Companies Act, 2013 ("the Act") in the manner so required and give a true and fair view in conformity with the accounting principles generally accepted in India, of the state of affairs of the Company as at March 31, 2026, and total comprehensive income (comprising of profit and other comprehensive income), changes in equity and its cash flows for the year then ended.
Basis for Opinion
3. We conducted our audit in accordance with the Standards on Auditing (SAs) specified under Section 143(10) of the Act. Our responsibilities under those Standards are further described in the "Auditor's Responsibilities for the
Audit of the Standalone Financial Statements” section of our report. We are independent of the Company in accordance with the Code of Ethics issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India together with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the standalone financial statements under the provisions of the Act and the Rules thereunder, and we have fuifiiied our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements and the Code of Ethics. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.
Emphasis of Matter
4. We draw attention to Note 31(I)(a) to the Standalone Financial Statements relating to the orders passed by the Securities and Exchange Board of India ("SEBI") in relation to preferential access to tick-by-tick data at the Company's Colocation facility, Dark Fiber point-to-point connectivity and governance and conflict of interest matters and the adjudication orders in relation to these matters. The Company has recognised a provision of H 1,391.21 crore during the year ended March 31, 2026, in addition to an amount of H 100 crore provided for earlier as mentioned in Note 31(I)(a) to the Standalone Financial Statements. The future outcome of the above matters is uncertain at this stage. Our opinion is not modified in respect of this matter.
Key audit matter
5. Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our audit of the standalone financial statements of the current period. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the standalone financial statements as a whole and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.
Other Information
6. The Company's Board of Directors is responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information included in the Annual report, but does not include the financial statements and our auditor's report thereon. The annual report is expected to be made available to us after the date of this auditor's report.
Our opinion on the standalone financial statements does not cover the other information and we wiii not express any form of assurance conciusion thereon.
In connection with our audit of the standaione financiai statements, our responsibiiity is to read the other information identified above when it becomes avaiiabie and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materiaiiy inconsistent with the standaione financiai statements or our knowiedge obtained in the audit, or otherwise appears to be materiaiiy misstated.
When we read the annuai report, if we conciude that there is a materiai misstatement therein, we are required to communicate the matter to those charged with governance and take appropriate action as appiicabie under the reievant iaws and reguiations.
Responsibilities of management and those charged with governance for the standalone financial statements
7. The Company's Board of Directors is responsibie for the matters stated in Section 134(5) of the Act with respect to the preparation of these standaione financiai statements that give a true and fair view of the financiai position, financiai performance, changes in equity and cash fiows of the Company in accordance with the accounting principies generaiiy accepted in India, inciuding the Indian Accounting Standards specified under Section 133 of the Act. This responsibiiity aiso inciudes maintenance of adequate accounting records in
accordance with the provisions of the Act for safeguarding of the assets of the Company and for preventing and detecting frauds and other irreguiarities; seiection and appiication of appropriate accounting poiicies; making judgments and estimates that are reasonabie and prudent; and design, impiementation and maintenance of adequate internai financiai controis, that were operating effectiveiy for ensuring the accuracy and compieteness of the accounting records, reievant to the preparation and presentation of the standaione financiai statements that give a true and fair view and are free from materiai misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
8. In preparing the standaione financiai statements, Board of Directors is responsibie for assessing the Company's abiiity to continue as a going concern, disciosing, as appiicabie, matters reiated to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting uniess Board of Directors either intends to iiquidate the Company or to cease operations, or has no reaiistic aiternative but to do so.
9. Those Board of Directors are aiso responsibie for overseeing the Company's financiai reporting process.
Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the standalone financial statements
10. Our objectives are to obtain reasonabie assurance about whether the financiai statements as a whoie are free from materiai misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor's report that inciudes our opinion. Reasonabie assurance is a high ievei of assurance but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with SAs wiii aiways detect a materiai misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered materiai if, individuaiiy or in the aggregate, they couid reasonabiy be expected to infiuence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these standaione financiai statements.
11. As part of an audit in accordance with SAs, we exercise professional judgement and maintain professional scepticism throughout the audit. We also:
• Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the standalone financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control.
• Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances. Under Section 143(3)(i) of the Act, we are also responsible for expressing our opinion on whether the Company has adequate internal financial controls with reference to standalone financial statements in place and the operating effectiveness of such controls.
• Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related disclosures made by management.
• Conclude on the appropriateness of management's use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor's report to the related disclosures in the standalone financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditor's report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Company to cease to continue as a going concern.
• Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the standalone financial statements, including the disclosures, and whether the standalone financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation.
12. We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit.
13. We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical requirements regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards.
14. From the matters communicated with those charged with governance, we determine those matters that were of most significance in the audit of the standalone financial statements of the current period and are therefore the key audit matters. We describe these matters in our auditor's report unless law or regulation precludes public disclosure about the matter or when, in extremely rare circumstances, we determine that a matter should not be communicated in our report because the adverse consequences of doing so would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public interest benefits of such communication.
Report on other legal and regulatory requirements
15. As required by the Companies (Auditor's Report) Order, 2020 ("the Order”), issued by the Central Government of India in terms of sub-section (11) of Section 143 of the Act, we give in the Annexure B a statement on the matters specified in paragraphs 3 and 4 of the Order, to the extent applicable.
16. As required by Section 143(3) of the Act, we report that:
(a) We have sought and obtained all the information and explanations which to the best of our knowledge and belief were necessary for the purposes of our audit.
(b) In our opinion, proper books of account as required by law have been kept by the Company so far as it appears from our examination of those books.
(c) The Standalone Balance Sheet, the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss (including other comprehensive income), the Standalone Statement of Changes in Equity and the Standalone Statement of Cash Flows dealt with by this Report are in agreement with the books of account.
(d) In our opinion, the aforesaid standalone financial statements comply with the Indian Accounting Standards specified under Section 133 of the Act.
(e) On the basis of the written representations received from the directors as on March 31, 2026, taken on record by the Board of Directors, none of the directors is disqualified as on March 31, 2026, from being appointed as a director in terms of Section 164(2) of the Act.
(f) With respect to the adequacy of the internal financial controls with reference to standalone financial statements of the Company and the operating effectiveness of such controls, refer to our separate Report in "Annexure A”.
(g) With respect to the other matters to be included in the Auditor's Report in accordance with Rule 11 of the Companies (Audit and Auditors) Rules, 2014 (as amended), in our opinion and to the best of our information and according to the explanations given to us:
i. The Company has disclosed the impact of pending litigations on its financial position in its standalone financial statements - Refer Note 31 to the standalone financial statements.
ii. The Company was not required to recognise a provision as at March 31, 2026 under the applicable law or Indian Accounting Standards, as it does not have any material foreseeable losses on long-term contract. The Company did not have any long-term derivative contracts as at March 31, 2026.
iii. There were no amounts which were required to be transferred to the Investor Education and Protection Fund by the Company during the year ended March 31, 2026.
iv. (a) The management has represented that,
to the best of its knowledge and belief, as disclosed in Note 40(vii) to the standalone financial statements, no funds have been advanced or loaned or invested (either from borrowed funds or share premium or any other sources or kind of funds) by the Company to or in any other person or entity, including foreign entities ("Intermediaries”), with the understanding, whether recorded in writing or otherwise, that the Intermediary shall, whether directly or indirectly, lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Company ("Ultimate Beneficiaries”) or provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries;
(b) The management has represented that, to the best of its knowledge and belief, as disclosed in the Note 40(vii) to the standalone financial statements, no funds have been received by the Company from any person or entity including foreign entities ("Funding Parties”), with the understanding, whether recorded in
writing or otherwise, that the Company shall, whether directly or indirectly, lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party ("Ultimate Beneficiaries”) or provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries; and
(c) Based on such audit procedures that we considered reasonable and appropriate in the circumstances, nothing has come to our notice that has caused us to believe that the representations under sub-clause (a) and (b) contain any material misstatement.
v. The Final dividend paid by the Company during the year in respect of the prior year ended March 31, 2025 is in accordance with Section 123 of the Act to the extent it applies to payment of dividend.
Further, as stated in note 11(b) to the standalone financial statements, the Board of Directors of the Company have proposed final dividend for the year which is subject to the approval of the members at the ensuing Annual General Meeting. The dividend proposed is in accordance with section 123 of the Act to the extent it applies to declaration of dividend.
vi. Based on our examination, which included test checks, the Company has used accounting softwares for maintaining its books of account which have a feature of recording audit trail (edit log) facility and that have operated throughout the year for all relevant transactions recorded in the softwares. During the course of our audit, we did not notice any instance of audit trail feature being tampered with. Further, the audit trail has been preserved by the Company as per the statutory requirements for record retention.
17. The Company has paid/provided for managerial remuneration in accordance with the requisite approvals mandated by the provisions of Section 197 read with Schedule V to the Act.
For Price Waterhouse & Co Chartered Accountants LLP
Firm Registration Number: 304026E/E-300009
Amit Borkar
Partner
Membership Number: 109846
UDIN: 26109846YAXWHL4904
Place: Mumbai
Date: May 5, 2026
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