11.4 Coastal Karnataka Power Limited (CKPL), a wholly-owned company of PFC Ltd. was set up for managing the UMPPs as per the mandate from GoI and was considered as associate over which PFC had significant influence. During FY 2022-23, CKPL's MoA has been amended to be used for bidding lenders' backed resolution plan by PFC and it has been renamed as PFC Projects Limited (PPL). Accordingly, the ability to direct activities of said Company now vests with PFC Ltd. and the same is now considered as a subsidiary.

11.5 At initial recognition, the Company made an irrevocable election to present subsequent changes in the fair value of certain equity instruments in other comprehensive income. The Company's main operation is to extend financial assistance to power, logistics and infrastructure sector. Thus, in order to insulate Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss from price fluctuations of these instruments, the Management believes that FVTOCI classification provides a more meaningful presentation, rather than classifying them at FVTPL.

17.1 The Company raises funds through various instruments including non-convertible bond issues. During the year, the Company has not defaulted in servicing of any of its debt securities.

17.2 The amounts raised during the year have been utilised for the stated objects in the offer document/ Information memorandum/ facility agreement other than temporary deployment pending application of proceeds.

17.3 All the secured listed non-convertible debt securities of the Company are fully secured by way of mortgage on specified immovable properties and/or charge on receivables of the Company. The Company has maintained security cover of 1.05 times as per the terms of offer document/information memorandum sufficient to discharge the principal and interest thereon at all times for the secured listed non-convertible debt securities issued. Further, security cover maintained by the Company for all secured non-convertible debt securities is 1.03 times.

17.4 Wherever required, the Company has registered the charges with respective Registrars of Companies (ROC) within the statutory timelines.

17.6 Infrastructure Bonds (2010-11) Series III and IV are secured by charge on specific book debt of ' 254.91 crore as on 31.03.2023 (' 438.71 crore as on 31.03.2022) of the Company along with first charge on immovable property situated at Jangpura, New Delhi.

17.7 These bond series are secured by first pari passu charge on present and future receivables (excluding those receivables which are specifically charged for infrastructure bonds issued during the FY 2010-11, the security details of which is contained at Note 17.6) along with first pari passu charge on immovable property situated at Guindy, Chennai.

17.1154 EC Capital Gain Tax Exemption Bonds, Taxable Secured Public Issue (2020-21) Tranche-I all Series & all category, and all other Tax Free Bonds Series are secured by first pari passu charge on the total receivables / book debts of the Company (excluding those receivables which are specifically charged for infrastructure bonds issued during the FY 2010-11, the security details of which is contained at Note 17.6), limited to the extent of payment / repayment of the bonds including interest, additional interest, cost and expenses and all other monies whatsoever payable / repayable by the Company to the Bondholders and/or others under / pursuant to the Transaction Documents.

18.4 Secured rupee term loans are secured by first pari passu charge in favour of lending banks on the receivables of the Company limited to payment/repayment of the term loan including interest, additional interest, cost and expenses and all other monies whatsoever payable/repayable by the Company to lending bank and/or others under/pursuant to the security document except for those receivables which are already charged in favour of Catalyst Trusteeship Ltd. (formally known as GDA Trusteeship Limited). Refer Note 10 for carrying values of the receivable pledged as security against secured rupee term loans

(vi) Interest Differential Reserve - KFW Loan:

It represents difference between the interest due and interest paid on KFW loan as per the loan agreement. Exchange gain / loss upon re-statement of loan balance, in accordance with the terms of the foreign currency borrowing from KFW, is adjusted against this reserve. The Company is not required to repay the unadjusted balance in the reserve after complete repayment of KFW Loan. Any unadjusted balance in the reserve after complete repayment of KFW Loan shall be used for further lending by the Company after consulting with KFW.

(vii) General Reserve:

General Reserve includes the amounts appropriated from the profits of the Company before declaration of dividend (as was required under erstwhile Companies Act, 1956). It also includes the amount transferred from Statutory Reserves on utilisation/ reversal of such Reserves. Further the Company appropriates profit to General Reserve in order to avail full eligible deduction of Special Reserve under Section 36(1 )(viii) of the Income Tax Act, 1961.

(ix) Reserve for Equity Instruments through Other Comprehensive Income :

The Company elected to recognise changes in the fair value of certain investment in equity instruments through other comprehensive income. It represents cumulative gains and losses arising on the revaluation of equity instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income. When the asset is derecognised, amounts in the reserve are subsequently transferred to retained earnings and not to standalone statement of profit and loss. Dividends on such investments are recognised in statement of profit & loss unless the dividend clearly represents a recovery of part of the cost of the investment.

(x) Reserve for Effective portion of Cash Flow Hedges

The intrinsic value of hedging instruments which meets the qualifying criteria for hedge accounting & are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges is recognised in this reserve. The amounts recognised in such reserve are reclassified to the Statement of Profit or Loss when the hedged item affects profit or loss.

During the current year ended 31.03.2023, an amount of ' 1,478.29 crore (Previous year ' 1,884.82 crore) has been paid to Government of India as dividend (being proportionate share in final dividend for FY 21-22 and interim dividend for FY 22-23 ).

(ii) Events occurring after Balance Sheet date:

Board of Directors in its meeting held on 27.05.2023 has recommended final dividend @ 45% on the paid up equity share capital i.e. ' 4.50 per equity share of ' 10 each for the FY 2022-23 subject to approval of shareholders in ensuing Annual General Meeting.

(!!!) The Dividend Paid/Proposed is in compliance with the provisions of Section 123 of Companies Act 2013, as applicable.

34.1 Disclosures as per Ind AS 19 'Employee Benefits' in respect of provision made towards various employee benefits are provided in Note 44.

35. CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

In accordance with the Companies (Corporate Social Responsibility Policy) Amendment Rules, 2021 notified w.e.f. 22.01.2021, any unspent amount pursuant to any ongoing project shall be transferred to unspent CSR Account in any scheduled bank within a period of thirty days from the end of the financial year, to be utilised within a period of three financial years from the date of such transfer. Any unspent CSR amount, other than for any ongoing project, shall be transferred to a Fund specified in Schedule VII, within a period of six months of the expiry of the financial year. Further, if the Company spends an amount in excess of the requirement under statute, the excess amount may be carried forward and set off in three succeeding financial years against the amount to be spent.

As the notification was made effective during FY 2020-21, the Company complied with the amended provisions of Section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013 with effect from the FY 2020-21. Accordingly, the unspent CSR amount as at 31.03.2020 would continue to be dealt with in accordance with the pre-amendment framework.

39. CAPITAL MANAGEMENT

The Company maintains a capital base that is adequate to support the Company's risk profile, regulatory and business needs. The Company sources funds from domestic and international financial markets, inter alia leading to diverse investor base and optimised cost of capital. Refer Note 17, 18 and 19 for details w.r.t. sources of funds and refer Standalone Statement of Changes in Equity for details w.r.t. Equity.

As contained in RBI Master Directions - Non-Banking Financial Company - Systemically Important Non-Deposit taking Company and Deposit taking Company (Reserve Bank) Directions, 2016, as amended from time to time (hereinafter referred to as "RBI Master Directions"), the Company is required to maintain a capital ratio consisting of Tier I and Tier II capital not less than 15% of its aggregate risk weighted assets on-balance sheet and of risk adjusted value of off-balance sheet items. Out of this, Tier I capital shall not be less than 10%. The Company regularly monitors the maintenance of prescribed levels of Capital to Risk Weighted Assets Ratio (CRAR). Further, with regard to capital restructuring, the Company is also guided, inter alia, by guidelines on "Capital Restructuring of Central Public Sector Enterprises" issued by Department of Investment and Public Asset Management (DIPAM), Ministry of Finance, Department of Public Enterprises in respect of issue of bonus shares, dividend distribution, buy back of equity shares etc.

39.2 During FY 2022-23 , the Company has not raised any subordinated debt as Tier-II capital and Perpetual Debt (Previous FY 2021-22 - Nil).

39.3 Dividend Distribution Policy

The Company has a well-defined dividend distribution policy. Dividend distribution policy focuses on various factors including but not limited to GoI guidelines, RBI circulars/guidelines, future capital expenditure plans, profits earned during the financial year, cost of raising funds from alternate sources, cash flow position and applicable taxes if any, subject to the guidelines as applicable from time to time.

As per the extant guidelines issued by Department of Investment and Public Asset Management (DIPAM), Government of India, the Company is required to pay a minimum annual dividend of 30% of Profit after Tax or 5% of the net-worth, whichever is higher subject to the maximum dividend permitted under extant legal provisions. Though, the Company endeavours to declare dividend as per these guidelines, it may propose to MoP, a lower dividend after analysis of various financial parameters like net-worth, CAPEX/business expansion needs; additional investments in subsidiaries/associates of the Company; other regulatory requirements etc. For details of dividend paid/recommended during the year, refer Note 24.2.

40. FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT

The Company is exposed to several risks which are inherent to the environment that it operates in. The Company is into business of extending financial assistance to power, logistics and infrastructure sector. The principal risks which are inherent with the Company's business model and from its use of financial instruments include credit risk, liquidity risk and market risk (currency risk, interest rate risk and price risk).

For managing these risks, the Company has put in place an integrated enterprise-wide risk management mechanism to ensure that these risks are monitored carefully and managed efficiently. In accordance with the RBI Master Direction in order to augment risk management practices in the Company, the Company has a Chief Risk Officer (CRO) who is involved in the process of identification, measurement and mitigation of risks. The Company also has a Board level Risk Management Committee(RMC) headed by an Independent Director, whose main function is to monitor and review the risk management plan of the Company and to make recommendations to the Board of Directors for taking up various risk management activities. The Chief Risk Officer (CRO) is a permanent invitee to all the meetings of Risk Management Committee. The risk management approach i.e., Company's objectives, policies and processes for identifying, measuring and managing each of above risk is set out in the subsequent paragraphs.

^(a) Credit risk on cash and cash equivalents and other bank balances is limited as these are held with scheduled commercial public sector banks, high rated private sector banks and mutual fund houses, which meets the empanelment criteria as set out in the Company's policy. The Company has also set exposure limits for deployment of funds in various types of instruments with respective banks/mutual fund houses.

For its investments, the Company manages its exposure to credit risk by periodically monitoring such investments, and applying the appropriate valuation techniques to arrive at the carrying value.

^(b) Credit risk on other financial assets is evaluated based on Company's knowledge of the credit worthiness of those parties and managed by monitoring the recoverability of such amounts. The Company carries an impairment loss allowance of ' 18.38 crore on its other financial assets as at 31.03.2023 (as at 31.03.2022'24.79 crore).

^(c) The Company is exposed to credit risk primarily through its lending operations. The same is explained in the paragraphs below.

40.1.1 Credit Risk Management for Lending Operations

The Company has put in place key policies and processes for managing credit risk, which include formulating credit policies, guiding the Company's appetite for credit risk exposures, undertaking reviews & objective assessment of credit risk, and monitoring performance and management of portfolios. All the procedures and processes of the Company are ISO 9001:2015 certified.

The credit risk management covers two key areas, i.e., project appraisal & project monitoring. The Company selects the borrowers in accordance with the Company's approved credit policy, which inter alia, defines factors to be considered for rating of the borrower/ project. The Company's customer selection procedure assesses viability of project along with that of its promoting entity. Rate of interest and maximum admissible exposure is, inter alia, based on internal rating awarded by the Company.

(i) Appraisal of Projects

The Company follows a systematic, institutional project appraisal process to assess the credit risk before financing any project.

(a) Appraisal for Private Sector Projects

For private sector projects, a two-stage appraisal process is followed. Initially a preliminary appraisal is carried out in order to decide the prima facie preparedness of the project to be taken up for detailed appraisal. Detailed appraisal is carried out for those projects shortlisted on the basis of preliminary appraisal.

The Company along with evaluation of project viability also assesses the ability of its promoter(s) to contribute equity and complete the project. The Company follows an integrated rating methodology whereby Integrated Rating (IR) is calculated using the weighted average of the scores of the project grading and promoter grading. Based on the IR of the project, terms and conditions (including security package, interest rate and debt-equity ratio) are stipulated.

(b) Appraisal for State Sector Projects

State sector projects are taken up for detailed appraisal to determine, inter alia, if they are techno economically sound and compatible with integrated power development & expansion plans of the State.

The Company classifies state power generation utilities into various risk rating grades based on the evaluation of utility's performance against specific parameters covering operational and financial performance. With regards to transmission utilities, the Company adopts the categorisation of its subsidiary RECL as per its policy. With regard to State Power Distribution utilities including integrated utilities, the Company's categorisation policy provides for adoption of Ministry of Power's (MoP's) Integrated Ratings by aligning such ratings/ grading with that of Company's rating structure.

Such categories/ratings are used to determine credit exposure limits, security requirements and pricing of loans given to the State Sector Borrowers. The Company also has a mechanism in place for monitoring the exposure to single borrower and exposure within a State.

The detailed project appraisal involves technical and financial appraisal covering various aspects such as project inputs, statutory and non-statutory clearances, contracts, project linkages, financial modelling/ projections, calculation of returns, sensitivity analysis etc.

After detailed analysis indicated above, the overall viability of the project and entity is assessed and various conditions in the form of pre-commitment, pre-disbursement and other conditions are stipulated so as to ensure tying up of funds (debt and equity both), all physical inputs, appropriateness of all the contracts, compliance of conditions precedent in agreements/ contracts/ statutory and non- statutory clearances related to the project etc. and in general to ensure bankability of the project & protection of the interest of the Company as a lender for timely servicing of debt. The Company has an authorisation/ delegation structure for the approval of credit facilities commensurating with the size of the loan.

(ii) Security and Covenants

The Company stipulates a package of security measures/covenants to mitigate risks during the construction and post COD (commercial operation date) stage of the project. Based on the risk appetite and appraisal of the project, the Company adopts a combination of the following measures:

(a) Primary Security - Charge on Project Assets or State Government Guarantees

(b) Collateral Securities - Corporate guarantee, Personal guarantee of promoters, Pledge of shares, Charge on assets / revenues of group/other companies

(c) Payment Security Mechanism - Escrow Account/Letter of Credit, Trust and Retention Account (TRA)

(d) Other covenants - Assignment of all project contracts, documents, insurance policies in favour of the Company, Upfront equity requirement, Debt Service Reserve Account (DSRA), Debt Equity ratio, shareholders' agreements, financial closure, etc.

(iii) Project Monitoring

The Company has comprehensive project/loan monitoring guidelines that captures aspects relating to monitoring, tracking of project construction, implementation, identifies risks where intervention is required to minimise the time/ cost overruns/ consequent slippages in disbursements and including progress of commissioned projects.

For State sector projects, monitoring is carried out based on project progress details obtained regularly from borrowers through progress monitoring reports, site visits, discussions with the borrowers, information/reports available on Central Electricity Authority's (CEA) website etc.

For private sector, where the Company is Lead Financial Institution (FI), the Company engages Lenders' Engineers (LEs) and Lenders' Financial Advisors (LFAs), which are independent agencies to act on behalf of various lenders / consortium members. The LEs conduct periodic site visits, review relevant documents, discusses with the borrowers and submit its reports on progress of the project. LFAs submit the statements of fund flow and utilisation of funds in the project periodically. In cases the Company is not the lead FI, the tasks related to LEs and LFAs services are coordinated with the concerned lead lender. From FY 2022-23 onwards the Company has started empanelling Project Management Agency (PMA), as a single entity, for private sector projects, thereby facilitating better coordination of project monitoring activities.

Also, the consolidated periodic progress report of certain projects is prepared comprising important observations/ issues viz. areas of concern, reasons for delay, issues affecting project construction/implementation etc. and is reviewed by the Company on a regular basis.

The Company continuously monitors delays and/or default of borrowers and their recoverability. On occurrence of default in the borrower's account, the Company initiates necessary steps which may involve action(s) including, but not limited to, Special Mention Account (SMA) reporting to RBI, credit information reporting to Central Repository of Information on Large Credits (CRILC) etc., regularisation of the account by recovering all over dues, invocation of guarantees/ securities to recover the dues, conversion of loan into equity as per loan agreement, restructuring of loan account, formulating resolution plan with the borrower, change in ownership, Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process (CIRP) under IBC -2016, sale of the exposures to other entities/investors, other recovery mechanisms like referring the case for legal action before Debt Recovery Tribunal (DRT), SARFAESI, etc. and other actions as specified under regulatory/legal framework.

40.1.2 Credit Risk Measurement - Impairment Assessment for Lending Operations(i) Staging of loans

Ind-AS 109 outlines a three staged model for measurement of impairment based on changes in credit risk since initial recognition. For classification of its borrowers into various stages, the Company uses the following basis:

- A financial asset that is not credit impaired on initial recognition is classified in 'Stage 1'.

- If a significant increase in credit risk (SICR) is identified, the financial asset is moved to 'Stage 2'.

An assessment of whether credit risk has increased significantly since initial recognition is performed at each reporting date by considering the change in the risk of default occurring over the remaining life of the financial assets. In accordance with Ind AS 109 'Financial Instruments', the Company has applied rebuttable presumption that considers more than 30 days past due as a parameter for determining significant increase in credit risk.

- If the financial asset is credit-impaired, it is moved to 'Stage 3' category.

In case of Stage 3 financial assets, after implementation of the resolution plan (except for change of ownership and/or resolution through NCLT), the financial asset is upgraded and classified as Stage 2 for two quarters from the date of implementation of resolution plan.

(ii) Default

In accordance with Ind AS 109 'Financial Instruments', the Company considers the rebuttable presumption to define a financial asset as in default, i.e. when the loan account is more than 90 days past due on its contractual payments. Credit impaired financial assets are aligned with the definition of default.

(iii) Measurement of Expected Credit Loss (ECL)

The Company recognises impairment loss allowance for the financial assets in accordance with a Board-approved expected credit loss (ECL) policy. ECL is measured on either a 12 month or lifetime basis depending on whether there is significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition. ECL is the product of Probability of default (PD), Loss Given Default (LGD) and Exposure at Default (EAD). The Company has appointed an independent agency, CRISIL Ltd., during the financial year for assessment of ECL in accordance with Ind AS 109 'Financial Instruments'. The brief methodology of computation of ECL is as follows:

(a) Probability of default (PD)

PD is an estimate of the likelihood of default over a given time horizon. It is estimated as at a point in time. For assessing 12-month PD, probability of a loan defaulting in next 12 months is ascertained and similarly for assessing lifetime PD, probability of a loan defaulting in its remaining lifetime is ascertained.

For Stage 1 accounts, 12 months PD is used.

For Stage 2 (significantly increased credit risk accounts), Lifetime PD is used.

For Stage 3 (credit impaired accounts), 100% PD is taken.

12-month PD: In case of State Sector borrowers, for the purpose of PD calculation, the risk rating grades of the utilities are considered. For Gencos/ Transcos/ Others, PFC's internal rating grades have been considered. For Discoms/ Power Department borrowers, PFC has adopted the MoP ratings . The ratings as above has been be mapped with the standard external rating benchmarks. The PD factor associated with the mapped external rating as given in the PD transition matrix published by various CRAs have been used for PD calculation.

In case of Private sector borrowers, the latest external rating as published by various Credit Rating Agencies have been referred to compute PD using the PD transition matrix published by various CRAs . If external rating is not available, the PD has been computed through Proxy Risk Scoring Model on a 10-point scale with 1 suggesting minimum risk and 10 suggesting the highest risk. The said model uses the Quantitative financial ratios like Gearing (Debt/Equity), Return on Capital Employed, Interest Coverage ratio, Debt to EBITDA ratio and qualitative factors like PLF, ACS / ARR ratio or LAF to arrive at the final Risk score. The financial risk score obtained have been mapped to external rating benchmarks. This mapped rating has been referred to compute PD associated with the rating using the PD transition matrix published by various CRAs.

For Lifetime PD: Markov Chain Model has been used to compute Lifetime PDs of the rating grade.

(b) Loss Given Default (LGD)

LGD is the loss factor which the Company may experience in case the default occurs.

For State sector borrowers, the Company considers the credit worthiness of the states on various parameters while estimating the LGD for state utilities. For estimating the credit worthiness of the state, parameters like State GDP per capita, Fiscal deficit/GDP ratio and Proportion on Revenue Expenditure on Energy Sector, etc. are used as key inputs. The state utilities are bifurcated into Low, Medium and High-risk category based on the state category. In case of Private sector borrowers, LGD has been assessed considering factors related to the project to arrive at realisable value of the plant such as generation capacity, project cost per MW, percentage completion of the plant, and book value of the assets etc. A stress factor was also applied as a haircut to arrive at the realisable value.

For Stage 3 borrowers, LGD has been assessed project wise based on Bid value/resolution plan amount/ OTS amount/ any other value/ discounted cash flows etc. as applicable.

(c) Exposure at Default (EAD)

Exposure at Default is the outstanding exposure on which ECL is computed. EAD includes outstanding principal and interest accrued (including delayed charges) in respect of the loan. As per Note no.6.1 .(ii) , income on credit impaired assets is recognised as and when received or on accrual basis when expected realisation is higher than the loan amount outstanding, therefore, the same is not used in computation of Exposure at default.

(d) Key assumptions used in measurement of ECL

- The Company considers the date of initial recognition as the base date from which significant increase in credit risk is determined.

- Since the Company has a right to cancel any sanctioned but undrawn limits to any of its borrowers, EAD is assumed to be outstanding balance and interest of the loan as on the reporting date.

(e) The assessment of significant increase in risk and the calculation of ECL both incorporate forward-looking information. Further, the independent agency appointed to assist the Company in ECL assessment also consider the forwardlooking information in the determination of the impairment allowance to be assigned to the borrower, by taking into consideration various project operational parameters, project financial ratios, extension of the project completion and also possibility of stressed and favourable economic conditions. Further, the independent agency has also added some additional macroeconomic parameters such as Power demand, GDP growth, monthly weighted average prices of traded power and current account to arrive at a weighted shock factor to the base PD term structure for ECL computation so as to reflect the right risk assessment of the utilities.

40.1.3 Credit risk analysis for Lending Operations(i) Exposure to credit risk

For loans recognised in the balance sheet, the gross exposure to credit risk equals their carrying amount. Refer Note 10 'Loans' for Company's exposure to credit risk arising from loans.

For financial guarantee issued, the maximum exposure to credit risk is the maximum amount that the Company would have to pay if the guarantees are called upon. For irrevocable loan commitments, the maximum exposure to credit risk is the full amount of the commitment facilities. Refer Note 46 for exposure of Guarantee and Outstanding Disbursement Commitments.

(ii) Concentration of credit risk

Credit concentration risk refers to risk associated with large credit/investment exposure to a single company or a group of companies based on its ownership, sector, region etc. that would cause their ability to meet contractual obligations to be similarly affected by changes in economic or other conditions, with the potential to adversely affect lender's core operations.

Loans to state sector are well diversified as these are extended to multiple entities under the control of various State Governments and Central Government. The Company considers that these loans have a low credit risk in comparison to lending to private sector mainly due to low default / loss history in state sector and availability of government guarantee in certain loans. Presence of Government interest in these projects also lowers the risk of non-recoverability of dues.

Further, the Company has a lending portfolio comprising of loans to generation, renewable, transmission, distribution, power projects & other infrastructure projects spread across diverse geographical areas.

40.1.4 Write off of Loan Assets

The Company writes off Loan assets in whole or in part in line with its write off policy, when there is no reasonable expectation of recovery. Indicators that there is no reasonable expectation of recovery include ceasure of enforcement activity or where the Company's recovery method is foreclosing on collateral and the value of collateral is such that there is no reasonable expectation of recovery in full. The waiver/write off is done in whole or in part as per the restructuring/ settlement/ resolution process.

40.1.5 Policy on sales out of amortised cost business model portfolio

The Company does not resort to the sale of financial assets, in ordinary course of business. However, the Company has an approved policy that it may proceed for resolution of stressed assets by either restructuring, change of ownership, settlement or otherwise. The assets are then assessed for derecognition as per Ind AS 109 'Financial Instruments'.

Pursuant to Ad-interim order from Hon'ble High Court(s) these borrower(s) accounts have not been classified as Credit impaired. The Company holds adequate impairment loss allowance with respect to these loan accounts and has categorised them in Stage 2. The interest income is also not been recognised on these loan accounts on accrual basis since these loans are more than 90 days past due.

40.2 Liquidity Risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company doesn't have sufficient financial resources to meet its obligations as and when they fall due. The risk arises from the mismatches in the timing of the cash flows which are inherent in all financing operations and can be affected by a range of company specific and market wide events.

In order to effectively manage liquidity risk, the Company endeavours to maintain sufficient cash flows to cover maturing liabilities without incurring unacceptable losses or risking damage to the Company's reputation and also endeavours to maintain a diversified fund base by raising resources through different funding instruments. The adequacy of the Company's liquidity position is determined keeping in view the current liquidity position , anticipated future funding needs, present and future earning capacity and available sources of funds.

The Company manages its day to day liquidity to ensure that the Company has sufficient liquidity to meet its financial obligation as & when due. The long-term liquidity is managed keeping in view the long-term fund position and the market factors. This is in line with the Board approved framework and breaches, if any, are to be reported as per approved framework. The Company has never defaulted in servicing of its borrowings.

Further, for overall liquidity monitoring and supervision, the Company has an Asset Liability Committee (ALCO) headed by Director (Finance). The ALCO tracks the liquidity risk by analysing the maturity or cash flow mismatches of its financial assets and liabilities. The mismatches are analysed by way of liquidity statements prescribed by RBI, wherein the cumulative surplus or deficit of funds is arrived at by distributing the cash flows against outstanding financial assets and financial liabilities according to the maturity ladder.

(ii) Foreign currency risk monitoring and management

The Company has put in place a Board approved "Policy for Management of Risks on Foreign Currency Borrowings" to manage and hedge risks associated with foreign currency borrowings which prescribes the structure and organisation for management of associated risks.

The Company enters into various derivative transactions viz. principal only swaps, options and forward contracts for hedging the exchange rate risk. As per extant policy, a system for reporting and monitoring of risks is in place wherein Committee for Management of Risks on Foreign Currency Borrowings, consisting of senior executives of the Company, monitors the foreign currency exchange rate. These derivative transactions are done for hedging purpose and not for trading or speculative purpose. The policy lays down the appropriate systems and controls to identify, measure and monitors, the currency risk for reporting to the Management.

40.4 Market Risk - Interest Rate Risk

40.4.1 Interest rate risk is the risk that the future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in interest rates. The impact may be beneficial or adverse depending on the direction of change in interest rates and whether assets or liabilities re-price faster.

(i) Interest rate risk is managed with the objective to control market risk exposure while optimising the return.

The Asset Liability Committee (ALCO) tracks the interest rate risk through the gap analysis i.e. by analysing the mismatches between Rate Sensitive Assets and Rate Sensitive Liabilities. For gap analysis, the interest rate sensitivity statement prescribed by RBI is used, wherein the gap is measured between the Rate Sensitive Assets and Rate Sensitive Liabilities which are distributed based on the maturity date or the re-pricing date whichever is earlier.

Further, for managing the interest rate risk, the Company reviews its interest rates periodically based on prevailing market conditions, borrowing cost, yield, spread, competitors' rates, etc. The asset mix is managed by the Company through its interest rate & credit policies which inter alia covers aspects like reset periods; repayment periods, prepayment premium etc. The liabilities are managed keeping in view factors like cost, market appetite, timing, market scenario, ALM gap position etc. The Company also enters into various derivatives transactions like interest rate swaps, cross-currency interest rate swaps to hedge its interest rate risk.

(ii) Interest Rate Sensitivity Analysis

As per RBI Guidelines, Earning at Risk (EaR) is an important focal point for interest risk management. For Interest Rate Sensitivity analysis, the impact of movement of interest rates has been measured on the Earning at Risk derived from the gap statements. The impact has been worked out considering 25 basis upward/downward shocks to interest rates over a one-year period, assuming a constant balance sheet. The analysis shows that if rates are increased/decreased by 25 bps, the impact on EaR will be ( /-) ' 194.52 crore. (As at 31.03.2022 ( /-) ' 118.77 crore).

The analysis assumes that the Rate Sensitive Assets and Rate Sensitive Liabilities are being re-priced at the same time. Further, the analysis considers the earliest/first re-pricing date of the Rate Sensitive Assets and Rate Sensitive Liabilities.

Note: A 25 basis point increase or decrease represents management's assessment of the reasonably possible change in interest rates.

40.4.2 Disclosures in respect of Interest Rate Benchmark Reform

The Company has variable interest rate borrowings whose interest rate is based on interest rate benchmarks. Also, to hedge the variability of cash flows on these borrowings, the Company has entered into multiple interest rate swaps with key terms (principal amount, payment dates, repricing dates, currency) that match those of the debt on which it pays a fixed rate and receives a variable rate. Significant interest rate benchmark used in the Company's borrowings is 6 month USD LIBOR (London Interbank offer rate).

(i) Exposure directly affected by the interest rate benchmark reform

The total amount of exposure that is directly affected by Interest Rate Benchmark Reform (IBOR) i.e. after June 2023 is USD 656.24 million (Amount in INR ' 5395.44 crore) as on 31.03.2023. Out of this, the amount of the derivative exposure linked with such liabilities and accounted for under hedge accounting is USD 650 million (Amount in INR ' 5,344.10 crore).

(ii) Managing the process of transition to alternative benchmark rates

The Company has in place a Board approved Policy for undertaking Libor Transition namely "Framework for transition from London Inter Bank Offered Rate (LIBOR) to Alternative Reference Rate (ARR)'. The framework inter ai/acovers aspects such as assessment of exposure linked to LIBOR, identification of risk arising out of LIBOR transition, contracts remediation, operational readiness, governing structure, regulatory compliance & reporting, etc. Further, the Company shall undertake all transition activities as per the process/ guidelines detailed in the policy. The process of transition from 6 month USD LIBOR to Alternative Reference Rate has been initiated & shall be completed within available timelines.

(iii) Significant assumptions for exposure affected by the interest rate benchmark reform

Ind AS 109 provides temporary exceptions to all the hedging relationships directly impacted by the interest rate benchmark reform. The alternative reference rate/benchmarks for the LIBOR linked loans and their derivatives are yet to be agreed with the lenders and the derivative bankers. However, it has been assumed that as a result of such reform there shall be no change in the relationship of the hedged items, hedged instruments and its corresponding hedge effectiveness.

41. HEDGE ACCOUNTING

The hedging instruments which meets the qualifying criteria for hedge accounting are designated as cash flow hedge. The effective portion of changes in the fair value of derivatives that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges is recognised in Other Comprehensive Income. The change in intrinsic value of hedging instruments is recognised in 'Effective Portion of Cash Flow Hedges'. The amounts recognised in such reserve are reclassified to the Statement of Profit or Loss when the hedged item affects profit or loss. Further, the change in fair value of the time value of a hedging instruments is recognised in 'Cost of Hedging Reserve'. The amounts recognised in such reserve are amortised to the Statement of Profit and Loss on a systematic basis.

(i) Hedge Effectiveness

Hedge effectiveness is determined at the inception of the hedge relationship, and through periodic prospective effectiveness assessments to ensure that an economic relationship exists between the hedged item and hedging instrument. The Company applies the following effectiveness testing strategies:

a) For derivatives other than options that exactly match the terms of the hedged item, the economic relationship and hedge effectiveness are based on the qualitative factors using critical terms match method (where principal terms of the hedging instrument and the hedged item are same).

b) For option structures, the Company analyses the relationship of changes in value of the hedging instrument and hedged item using regression analysis based dollar offset method.

43.6 Major terms and conditions of transactions with related parties

(i) Transactions with related parties are made on terms equivalent to those that prevail in arm's length transactions.

(ii) The remuneration to Key Managerial Personnel are in line with the HR policies of the Company.

(iii) Loans and advances given to Directors/KMPs have specified terms / period of repayment and are in line with the HR Policies of the Company.

(iv) The Company makes advances to its associate companies which are incorporated as SPVs to meet the preliminary expenditure. Such advances carry interest rates at the rate applicable to Term Loans as per the Company's policy.

(v) The interest and/or dividend paid to the Trusts and Key Managerial Personnel are on account of their investments in the debt securities and/or equity shares of the Company and the interest and/or dividend paid on such securities is uniformly applicable to all the holders.

(vi) Outstanding balances of group companies at the year-end are unsecured except loan given to PFCCL amounting to ' 9.52 crore.

44. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS44.1 Defined contribution plans:(a) Pension

The Company pays fixed contribution to National Pension Scheme (NPS) for its pension obligation towards employees at pre-determined rates into the Tier-I NPS Account (Pension Account) of the employees.

(b) Provident Fund

The Company pays fixed contribution on account of provident fund at prescribed rates to a separate trust, which invests the funds in permitted securities. The trust has to ensure, a minimum rate of return to the members as specified by GoI. However, any shortfall for payment of interest to members as per specified rate of return has to be compensated by the Company. The Company estimates that no liability will arise in this regard in the near future and hence, no further provision is considered necessary.

An amount of ' 17.10 crore (Previous year ' 14.87 crore) for the year is recognised as expense in the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss on account of the Company's contribution to the defined contribution plans.

(b) Post-Retirement Medical Scheme (PRMS)

The Company has a Post-Retirement Medical Scheme (PRMS) to provide medical facilities to superannuated employees, dependent family members of superannuated and deceased employees. The liability for PRMS is recognised on the basis of actuarial valuation.

This scheme is managed by a separate trust. The trust has to ensure adequate corpus for meeting the medical expenditure incurred by the eligible employees. However, any short fall has to be compensated by the Company. The Company estimates that no liability will arise in this regard in the near future and hence, no further provision is considered necessary.

(d) Risk exposure

Through its defined benefit plans, the Company is exposed to a number of risks, the most significant of which are detailed below:

i) Investment risk

Most of the plan asset investments are in government securities, other fixed income securities with high rating grades and mutual funds. The fair value of these assets is subject to volatility due to change in interest rates and other market & macro-economic factors. There is also a risk of asset liability matching i.e. the cash flow for plan assets does not match with cash flow for plan liabilities.

ii) Changes in discount rate

The present value of defined benefit plan liabilities is calculated using a discount rate which is determined by reference to government bonds' yields at the end of the reporting period. A decrease (increase) in discount rate will increase (decrease) present values of plan liabilities, although this will be partially offset by an increase in the value of the plans' investments.

iii) Mortality rate risk

The present value of the defined benefit plan liability is calculated by reference to the best estimate of the mortality of plan participants both during and after their employment. An increase in the life expectancy of the plan participants will increase the plan's liability.

iv) Salary escalation risk

The present value of the defined benefit plan liability is calculated by reference to the future salaries of plan participants. As such, an increase in the salary of the plan participants will increase the plan's liability.

v) Turnover rate/Withdrawal rate of employee

If the actual employee withdrawal rate in the future turns out to be more or less than expected then it may result in increase/decrease in the liability.

The Company actively monitors how the duration and expected yield of investments are matching the expected cash outflows arising from employee benefit obligations. Investments are well diversified, such that the failure of any single investment would not have a material impact on overall level of assets. There has been no change in the process used by the Company to manage its risks from prior periods.

(j) The weighted average duration of the defined benefit plan obligation at the end of the reporting period is 13.14 years (as at 31.03.2022: 13.98 years).

44.3 Other long-term employee benefits(a) Leave

The Company provides for earned leave benefit and half-pay leave benefit to the credit of the employees, which accrues on half-yearly basis at 15 days and 10 days respectively. A maximum of 300 days of earned leave can be accumulated at any point of time during the service. There is no limit for accumulation of half pay leave. On separation after 10 years of service or on superannuation, earned leave plus half pay leave taken together can be encashed subject to a maximum of 300 days. However, there is no restriction on the number of years of service for encashment of earned leave on separation from the service. Provision based on actuarial valuation amounting to ' 6.84 crore (Previous year ' 11.62 crore) for the year has been made at the year end and debited to the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

(b) Other employee benefits

Provision for settlement allowance and long service awards amounting to ' 4.57 crore for the year (Previous year ' 1.14 crore) has been made on the basis of actuarial valuation and debited to the Standalone Statement of Profit and Loss.

44.4 Employee benefits (including Gratuity, PRMS, Terminal Benefits, leave encashment and other employee benefits) in respect of Company's employees working in its wholly-owned subsidiary on deputation / secondment basis are being allocated based on a fixed percentage of employee cost.

45.3 During the year 2022-23, the expenses relating to short-term/low value leases amounting to ' 9.81 crore (Previous year ' 7.20 crore) has been charged to Standalone statement of Profit and Loss. Included in the amount above are leases pertaining to residential accommodation of employees, space for official use, hiring of EDP equipment & other office equipment etc. These leases are usually renewable on mutually agreed terms and are cancellable.

45.4 The total cash outflow towards all leases, including Right-of-Use Assets is ' 10.11 crore (Previous year ' 8.10 crore).

47. There are no Micro and Small Enterprises, to whom the Company owes dues, which are outstanding for more than 45 days as at 31.03.2023 (Nil as at 31.03.2022). This information as required to be disclosed under the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act,2006 has been to the extent the status of such parties could be identified on the basis of information available with the Company.

48. In the context of reporting business / geographical segment as required by Ind AS 108 - 'Operating Segments', the Company's operations comprise of only one business segment - lending to power, logistics and infrastructure sector entities. All activities revolve around the main business. Hence, there are no reportable segments as per Ind AS 108.

49. MODIFICATIONS IN THE SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES:

No modifications have been carried out in the significant accounting policies during the year.

51. GOVERNMENT OF INDIA(GOI) SCHEMES BEING IMPLEMENTED BY THE COMPANY

The Company has been designated as Nodal Agency for operationalisation and implementation of RDSS Scheme and IPDS (R-APDRP subsumed in it). Role of Nodal Agency inter alia includes pass through of loans/grants to eligible utilities under schemes of GOI. The release of the funds under GoI schemes is ensured through Treasury Single Account (TSA) maintained with RBI, as per office memorandum issued by MoF, GoI dated March 9, 2022. This ensures that funds of these schemes are released 'Just in time' from the Consolidated Fund of India (CFI) to the beneficiaries.

51.1 Revamped Distribution Sector Scheme (RDSS)

This Scheme was launched by GoI in July, 2021 to improve the operational efficiencies and financial sustainability of DISCOMs, by providing financial assistance to DISCOMs. It is a Reform based and result linked Distribution sector scheme. PFC along with REC is the nodal agency for operationalisation of the scheme. The implementation period of the Scheme is 5 Years (FY 2021-22 to FY 2025-26) with the sunset date of 31.03.2026. The key objectives of the scheme is to:

i) Improve the quality, reliability and affordability of power supply to consumers through a financially sustainable and operationally efficient distribution sector.

ii) Reduce AT&C losses to pan-India levels of 12-15% by 2024-25.

iii) Reduce ACS-ARR gap to zero by 2024-25.

The Scheme has an outlay of ' 3,03,758 crore with an estimated gross budgetary support of ' 97,631 crore from the GoI. The amount of grant received and administered to the eligible entities during FY 2022-23 is ' 1319.86 crore (Previous year ' 359 crore) and the cumulative grant administered till 31.03.2023 is ' 1,678.86 crore (till 31.03.2022 is ' 359 crore).

Further, No amount of grant remained undisbursed as on 31.03.2023 and 31.03.2022.

The Company is eligible for nodal agency fee at the rate of 0.50% of the sum total of the gross budgetary component of the various projects approved by Monitoring Committee. The total amount of nodal agency fee income from this scheme for FY 2022-23 stands at '.71.58 crore. (Previous year Nil )

51.2 Integrated Power Development Scheme (IPDS) (with Restructured Accelerated Power Development and Reform Programme (R-APDRP) subsumed)

IPDS scheme was launched in December 2014 to extend financial assistance against capital expenditure for addressing the gaps in sub transmission & distribution network and metering in urban areas to supplement the resources of DISCOMs/ Power Departments. This scheme has the sunset date of 31.03.2022 and the ongoing approved projects have been subsumed as a separate component under the new RDSS scheme.

The estimated outlay of the scheme was ' 32,612 crore including a budgetary support of ' 25,354 crore from GoI. R-APDRP scheme cost of ' 44,011 crore including budgetary support of ' 22,727 crore have also been carried forward to IPDS scheme. The amount of fund received and administered to the eligible entities during FY 2022-23 is ' 474.46 crore (Previous year ' 2125.01 crore) and the cumulative grant administered till 31.03.2023 is ' 18,381.91 crore (till 31.03.2022'17,907.45 crore).

The amount of fund received under R-APDRP (subsumed with IPDS) and administered to the eligible entities during FY 2022-23 is ' 65.00 crore (Previous year ' 326.64 crore) and the cumulative grant administered till 31.03.2023 is ' 13,562.07 crore (till 31.03.2022'13,497.07 crore).

Further, no fund remained undisbursed as on 31.03.2023 and 31.03.2022.

The total amount of nodal agency fee income from this scheme for FY 2022-23 stands at Nil (Previous year ' 8.60 crore). Additionally, the Company has also received Nil (Previous year ' 28.20 crore) as reimbursement of expenditure from MoP under the said scheme.

52. (a) Status of documentation subsequent to reorganisation of the State of Jammu & Kashmir

After the bifurcation of the State of Jammu & Kashmir into two Union territories- Jammu & Kashmir UT and Ladakh UT , the existing entities pertaining to the erstwhile state of Jammu & Kashmir have been restructured vide unbundling order dated 23.10.19. The addendums to the agreements with new restructured departments are yet to be executed. Pending the execution of such documents, the existing loans are being serviced/repaid in line with the existing loan agreement.

(b) Status of documentation subsequent to reorganisation of the State of Andhra Pradesh

Subsequent to the reorganisation of erstwhile Andhra Pradesh, the State of Telangana has been formed on 02.06.2014. However, the assets and liabilities are yet to be transferred to the respective power utilities through a formal gazette notification except for assets and liabilities of TSSPDCL which have been transferred to APSPDCL for R-APDRP loans only amounting to '.8.95 crore.

Once the final transfer scheme is notified through Gazette Notification by Govt. duly indicating the transfer of assets and liabilities among the power utilities, action for execution of documentation formalities will be taken up in respect of all the outstanding loans (except for above R-APDRP loans) with the new / name changed utilities. Till that time, the demand for payment of interest / principal is being segregated by the utilities and the respective portions are being paid by utilities in Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.

53. Disclosures as required under RBI's Master Direction-Non-Banking Financial Company-Systemically Important Non-Deposit Taking Company and Deposit taking Company (Reserve Bank ) Directions, 2016 as amended from time to time read with Scale Based Regulations and disclosures in Notes to Accounts thereto as issued by RBI vide Circular dated 22.10.2021 and 19.04.2022.

Being a Government owned NBFC the Company is subject to guidelines as prescribed under Scale based Regulation as applicable for the NBFC-ML (Middle Layer).

53.2.3 Details of financing of parent company products:

The Company does not have a parent company.

53.2.4 Details of Single Borrower Limit (SGL)/Group Borrower Limit (GBL) exceeded by the Company:

I n respect of Private sector entities, the Company has been following RBI's Credit Concentration Norms. In respect of Central/State Government entities, RBI had exempted the Company from applicability of RBI's Credit Concentration Norms till 31.03.2022. Further, RBI vide its letter dated 24.08.2022 has allowed the existing exposure of Central/State Government entities of the Company as on date of letter to run off till maturity without invoking any regulatory violation.

As per RBI's Scale Based Regulations, the Credit Concentration Limits need to be calculated based on Tier I Capital from 01.10.2022 as against Owned Funds. RBI vide its letter dated 20.03.2023 has, inter alia, directed the Company to reckon Tier I Capital as on March 31 (based on annual results) while computing exposure. However during the year, for the purpose of Credit Concentration Limits, the Company has worked out the Owned Fund / Tier I Capital based on quarterly financial results till 21.03.2023.

As on 31.03.2023, the exposure of the Company to Private / Government Sector entities are within the RBI's prescribed Credit Concentration Limits.

53.4 Disclosure of Penalties imposed by RBI and other regulators during the year :

During FY 2022-23, NSE and BSE have levied fine on the Company for non-compliance in regard to composition of the Board of Directors.

The Company in its reply to NSE and BSE has stated that being a Central Public Sector Undertaking and in terms of Article 86 of Articles of Association of the Company, the Directors on the board of the Company are appointed by President of India through Ministry of Power, Government of India and had requested both the exchanges to waive the above said penalty. Revert on the matter is awaited.

The Company has also taken up the matter with Ministry of Power to expedite the process of appointment of balance number of Independent Directors.

During FY 2021-22, NSE and BSE had levied fine on the Company for non-compliance in regard to composition of the Board of Directors, Audit Committee and Nomination & Remuneration Committee of the Board of Directors. The Company is in compliance in regard to composition of the said committees on appointment of three independent directors on 15.11.2021. Accordingly, Company in its reply had requested both the exchanges to waive the said penalty. Revert on the matter is awaited.

55.6.1 RBI vide its Master Direction - NBFC - Systemically Important Non-Deposit Taking Company,2016 issued the guidelines covering liquidity risk management for NBFCs wherein RBI introduced Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) applicable on all non-deposit taking NBFCs with asset size of more than ' 5,000 crore. The guidelines aim to maintain a liquidity buffer in terms of LCR by ensuring that they have sufficient High Quality Liquid Asset (HQLA) to survive any acute liquidity stress scenario lasting for next 30 days. As per the guideline, LCR is represented by Stock of High-Quality Liquid Assets (HQLA) divided by Total Net Cash Outflows (stressed outflow less stressed inflows) over the next 30 calendar days. HQLA are defined by RBI as the liquid assets that can be readily sold or immediately convertible into cash at little/no loss of value or can be used as collateral to obtain funds in stress situations.

The Company has complied with LCR requirement w.e.f. 01.12.2020 against stipulated requirement of minimum LCR of 50%, progressively increasing up to the required level of 100% by December 1, 2024. The HQLA is being maintained by the Company as balance with Banks in Current Account and Fixed Deposits with Scheduled Commercial Banks and eligible securities. The Company is maintaining LCR in INR only; hence there is no currency mismatch.

56. There are no reportable cases of loans transferred/ acquired during the FY 2022-23 (Previous year Nil) under Master Direction - Reserve Bank of India (Transfer of Loan Exposures) Directions, 2021 dated September 24, 2021.

57. The disclosures as required under Master Direction - Non-Banking Financial Company - Systemically Important Non-Deposit taking Company and Deposit taking Company (Reserve Bank) Directions, 2016 as amended from time to time read with Scale Based Regulations and disclosures in Notes to Accounts thereto as issued by RBI vide Circular dated 22.10.2021 and 19.04.2022. have been made in Note 5, 9.1 to 9.4, 11.2, 39.1, 39.2, 40.1.3(iii), 40.1.3(vi), 40.1.3(vii), 40.1.5, 40.1.6, 40.1.7, 40.1.8, 40.3, 40.4,49, 53, 54, 55 and 56.

1. Debt = Principal outstanding of {Debt Securities Borrowings (other than debt securities) Subordinated Liabilities} less cash and cash equivalents.

2. Net worth = Equity Share Capital Other Equity.

3. Total debt to Total assets = Principal outstanding of {Debt Securities Borrowings (other than debt securities) Subordinated Liabilities}/Total assets.

4. Operating Margin = (Profit before Tax - Other Income)/Total Revenue from operations.

5. Net profit margin = Net profit After Tax/Total Income.

6. Debt service coverage ratio, Interest service coverage ratio, Current ratio, Current Liability Ratio, Long-term debt to working capital, Bad debts to Account receivable ratio, Debtors turnover, Inventory turnover ratio are not applicable to the Company.

7. Other disclosures required under Regulation 52(4) are presented at Note no. 38, 39.1.

60. Figures of the previous year have been regrouped/rearranged wherever necessary, in order to make them comparable.

61. Figures have been rounded off to the nearest crore of rupees with two decimals.