(i) Investments at fair value through OCI (fully paid) reflect investment in quoted and unquoted equity securities. These equity shares are designated as FVTOCI as they are not held for trading purpose and are not in similar line of business as the Company. Thus disclosing their fair value fluctuation in profit and loss will not reflect the purpose of holding. Refer Note 44 for determination of their fair values

(ii) Investments in unquoted investments includes investment in Industry House Limited (IHL) amounting to ' 26.79 Crore (31 March 2022'27.38 Crore). The Company is holding 35.28% of equity shares in IHL. As the Company does not have significant influence over Industry House Limited, the Company has not considered it as an associate as per Ind AS 28 "Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures" and hence not consolidated. The Company’s share of profit of Industry House Limited is insignificant.

Proposed dividends on equity shares are subject to approval at the annual general meeting and are not recognised as a liability as at 31 March 2023.

(d) General Reserves

General Reserves is used from time to time to transfer profits from Retained earnings for appropriation purpose. This reserve will be utilised in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013.

(e) Other Comprehensive Income FVOCI equity investments:

The Company has elected to recognise changes in the fair value of certain investments in equity securities in OCI. These changes are accumulated within the FVOCI equity investment reserve within equity. The Company transfers amounts from this reserve to retained earnings when the relevant equity securities are derecognised.

Loans covered in Sr. No. 1

Repayment of loan covered above is due on Feb-2025, however as per the term & conditions of NCD put option shall be exercisable by debenture holders at the end of 2 (two) years from the date of Allotment. Hence the said NCD has been classified as current.

Details of Security:1. Loans covered in Sr. No. 1 :

First pari passu charge on present and future plant and machineries of Birla Century, Pulp and Paper divisions and excluding Furniture and Fixtures and vehicles of the said divisions.

2. Loans covered in Sr. No. 4 :

First pari passu charge on the present and future movable fixed assets of the Borrower's Birla Century unit at Bharuch Gujarat and Pulp & Paper unit at Lalkuan, Uttarakhand. Negative lien on the present and future immovable fixed assets of the Borrower's Birla Century unit at Bharuch Gujarat and Pulp & Paper unit at Lalkuan, Uttarakhand.

There was modification in security details of above term loan where by Freehold land admeasuring 25,323.78 sq. meters and the Birla Centurion building thereon situated at Worli, Lower Parel Divisions, Mumbai was released during the year.

3. Loan covenants

Bank loan and NCDs contain certain debt covenants relating to total term loan to tangible net worth, fixed asset coverage ratio, net debt to equity ratio and interest coverage ratio. The Company is compliant with the said covenants during the year ended 31 March 2023. The Company has also satisfied all other debt covenants prescribed in the terms of bank loan and NCDs.

The Company has not defaulted in repayment of borrowing and interest thereon.

(i) Unclaimed dividend amounting to ' 0.05 crore (31 March 2022'0.05 crore) is pending on account of litigation among claimants / notices from the tax recovery officer.

(ii) Derivative financial instruments:

The Company entered into foreign exchange forward contracts with the intention of hedging foreign exchange risk of expected sales and purchases, these contracts are not designated as hedge and are measured at fair value through profit or loss.

Derivative instruments at fair value through profit or loss reflect the negative change in fair value of those foreign exchange forward contracts that are not designated in hedge relationships, but are, nevertheless, intended to reduce the level of foreign currency risk for expected sales and purchases.

Nature of security

(i) Cash credit / Overdraft facility form Banks of ' 19.82 Crores (31 March 2022'0.50 crores) are secured against a first and pari passu charge over the current assets (including documents of title to goods/related receivables) and collateral security on a pari-passu basis over the present and future property plant and equipments (plant and machinery) of Birla Century (Gujarat), Century Pulp and paper.

(ii) Cash credit / Overdraft facility of ' 113.87 crores (31 March 2022 ' Nil) & Line of credit from banks are secured against a first and pari passu charge with other facility by way of registered mortgage on the property, project, future scheduled receivable of the project and all insurance proceed, both present and future, on security of all rights, title, interest, claims, benefits, demands under the project documents of both present and future, on the escrow and DSR account of the project including all monies credited / deposited therein and all investment in respect thereof.

All such sold units of secured project, booking of which are subsequently cancelled by customer shall continue to stand mortgaged to the lender.

(a) The above information has been provided as available with the company to the extent such parties could be identified on the basis of the information available with the Company regarding the status of suppliers under the MSMED Act.

(b) Trade payables are non interest bearing and are normally settled on 60-90 days terms. Acceptances are interest bearing and have an average term of six months. There are no other amounts paid / payable towards interest / principal under the MSMED.

(c) Trade payables Ageing Schedule

~30| HEDGING ACTIVITIES AND DERIVATIVES Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments

The Company uses foreign currency denominated borrowings and foreign exchange forward contracts to manage some of its transaction exposures. The foreign exchange forward contracts are not designated as cash flow hedges and are entered into for periods consistent with foreign currency exposure of the underlying transactions, generally from 1 to 12 months.

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments Cash flow hedges Foreign currency risk:

Foreign exchange forward contracts are designated as hedging instruments in cash flow hedges against forecast sales / purchases in US dollars. This forecast transactions are highly probable since purchase order already issued / projection of counter party available with the Company and hence expected to be utilised in near term. The foreign exchange contract balances vary with the level of expected foreign currency sales / purchases and changes in foreign exchange forward rate. The long term swap by way of foreign currency sales has been done on the basis of historical business with buyers and comprises 50% of projected sales.

32 Revenue expenditure on research and development activities relating to Government recognised in-house research and development laboratories incurred and charged out during the year through the natural heads of account, aggregate ' 4.35 crores (31 March 2022: ' 3.83 crores).

33 During the financial year 2017-18, the Company had entered into an agreement with Grasim Industries Limited ('GIL') granting right to manage and operate the Company’s Viscose Filament Yarn ('VFY’) business, which is part of Textile segment, for a duration of 15 years commencing from February 1, 2018. As a part of consideration, GIL has paid an upfront Royalty of ' 605.00 crores. In addition GIL has also paid the carrying value of net working capital and the interest free security deposit of ' 200.00 crores which is repayable after 15 years. With effect from February 1,2018, GIL have right to use the VFY business assets including its intangible assets for a period of 15 years from the above date. The Company is recognizing royalty income over the period of 15 years.

Pursuant to the agreement, GIL shall incur all capital expenditure and commitments involving capital expenditure as may be necessary for the proper, optimum and profitable operation of the VFY Business. In this regard, Company has agreed that all improvement/ capital expenditure done by GIL during the tenure of agreement will be transferred to the Company, at such fair value as may be agreed between the Company and GIL.

~34| TRADE PAYABLES

(i) ' 17.04 Crore (31 March 2022 ' 10.71 Crore) due to micro and small enterprises registered under the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006 (MSMED Act). There are no other amounts paid / payable towards interest / principal under the MSMED; and

(ii) The above information has been determined to the extent such parties have been identified on the basis of the information available with the Company regarding the status of suppliers under the MSMED Act.

~35| DISCONTINUED OPERATIONSYarn and Denim division (sold during the previous year)

During the previous year ended 31 March 2022, the Company has sold all the assets of its Yarn and Denim division ('Y&D') to a third party for a consideration of ' 62.00 crore and has recognised a gain of ' 17.63 crore net of provision for termination benefits and other restructuring costs.

35A EXCEPTIONAL ITEMS

During the year ended 31 March 2023, the Company has transferred its leasehold land in Gujarat to Grasim Industries Limited for a consideration of ' 215.85 Crores resulting in a net gain of ' 134.21 Crores as an exceptional item after adjusting non-usage charges amounting to ' 21.64 Crores and transfer fees amounting to ' 37.52 Crores paid to Gujarat Industrial Development Corporation. Further, tax on such gain amounting to ' 25.64 Crores is included in the current tax for the year.

~36| DISCLOSURES PURSUANT TO - "EMPLOYEE BENEFITS"(a) Defined Contribution Plans:

The Company's contribution to Provident Fund and Superannuation Fund aggregating ' 5.92 Crores (31 March 2022: ' 5.06 Crores) has been recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss under the head Employee benefits expense.

(b) Defined Benefit Plans:(i) Gratuity

The Company has a defined benefit gratuity plan (funded).The Company’s defined benefit gratuity plan is a final salary plan for employees, which requires contributions to be made to a separately administered fund. The gratuity plan is governed by the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972. Under the Act, employee who has completed five years of service is entitled to specific benefit. The level of benefits provided depends on the member’s length of service and salary at retirement age. The fund has the form of a trust and it is governed by the Board of Trustees, which consists of an equal number of employer and employee representatives. The Board of Trustees is responsible for the administration of the plan assets and for the definition of the investment strategy.

Each year, the Board of Trustees reviews the level of funding in the gratuity plan. Such a review includes the asset-liability matching strategy and investment risk management policy. This includes employing the use of annuities and longevity swaps to manage the risks. The Board of Trustees decides its contribution based on the results of this annual review. Generally, it aims to have a portfolio mix of equity instruments, property and debt instruments. The Board of Trustees aim to keep annual contributions relatively stable at a level such that no plan deficits (based on valuation performed) will arise.

The amounts shown above represents the best possible estimates arrived at on the basis of available information. The uncertainties are dependent on the outcome of the different legal processes. The timing of future cash flows will be determinable only on receipt of judgments / decisions pending with various forums/authorities. The Company does not expect any reimbursements against the above.

F. The Board of Directors monitors the operating results of its business units separately for the purpose of making decisions about resource allocation and performance assessment.

G. No single customer contributed 10% or more to the Company’s revenue for the year ended 31 March 2023 and 31 March 2022

H. The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as the Company’s accounting policies described in note 2A.

Segment profit represents the profit before finance cost and tax earned by each segment without allocation of central administration costs and directors’ salaries, investment income and finance costs. This is the measure reported to the chief operating decision maker for the purposes of allocation and assessment of segment performance.

~42| CAPITAL MANAGEMENT

For the purpose of the Company’s capital management, equity includes issued equity capital, convertible preference shares, share premium and all other equity reserves attributable to the equity holders of the Company. The primary objective of the Company’s capital management is to maximize the shareholder value. The Company’s Capital Management objectives are to maintain equity including all reserves to protect economic viability and to finance any growth opportunities that may be available in future so as to maximize shareholders’ value. The Company is monitoring capital using debt equity ratio as its base which is debt to equity. The Company’s policy is to keep debt equity ratio below two and infuse capital if and

~43| FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK

The Company’s principal financial liabilities, other than derivatives, comprise loans and borrowings, trade and other payables. The Company’s principal financial assets include loans, trade and other receivables and cash and cash equivalents that derive directly from its operations. The Company also holds FVTOCI investments and enters into derivative transactions.

The Company is exposed to market risk, credit risk and liquidity risk. The Company’s senior management oversees these risks management. The Company’s senior management provides assurance that the Company’s financial risk activities are governed by appropriate policies and procedures and that financial risks are identified, measured and managed in accordance with the company’s policies and risk objectives. All derivative activities for risk management purposes are carried out by teams that have the appropriate skills, experience and supervision. The Board of Directors reviews and agrees policies for managing each of these risks, which are summarised below.

A. Credit Risk

Credit risk is the risk that counter party will not meet it obligation under a financial instrument or customer contract leading to a financial loss. The Company is exposed to credit risk mainly from trade receivables and other financial assets. The Company only deals with parties which has good credit ratings / worthiness based on company’s internal assessment.

The Company has divided parties in two grades based on their performance.

Good: parties with a positive external rating (if available) and stable financial position with no past default is considered in this category.

Doubtful: parties where the company doesn’t have information on their financial position or has past trend of default are considered under this category.

The Company has not acquired any credit impaired asset. There was no modification in any financial assets.

(i) Trade receivables

Customer credit is managed by each business division subject to the Company’s established policy procedures and control related to customer credit risk management.

Export customers are mainly against Letter of Credit and/or insurance cover on export outstanding is also taken. Generally deposits are taken from domestic debtors. Apart from deposit there is a commission agent area wise. In case any customer defaults the amount is first recovered from deposits, then from the agent’s commission. Each outstanding customer receivables are regularly monitored and if outstanding is above due date the further shipments are controlled and can only be released if there is a proper justification. The carrying amount and fair value of security deposit amounts to ' 73.69 crores (31 March 2022: ' 53.11 crores) as it is payable on demand.

The Company evaluates the concentration of risk with respect to trade receivables as low, as its customers are located in several jurisdictions and industries and operate in largely independent markets and their credit worthiness are monitored at periodical intervals. The maximum exposure to credit risk at the reporting date is the carrying value of each class of financial assets.

Credit risk from balances with banks is managed by Company’s treasury department in accordance with the Company policy. Investment of surplus funds are made only in approved Mutual Funds and that too in liquid funds. As soon as the fund reaches to a reasonable level the Company repay its working capital borrowing by redeeming the liquid fund. The other financial assets are from various forum of Government authorities and are released by Government authorities on completion of relevant terms and conditions for the release of outstanding.

B. MARKET RISK

Market risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market prices. Market risk comprises of three types of risks - interest rate risk, currency risk and other price risk in a fluctuating market environment. Financial instrument affected by market risks includes loans and borrowings, deposits, FVTOCI Investments, derivatives and other financials assets.

The Company has designed risk management frame work to control various risks effectively to achieve the business objectives. This includes identification of risk, its assessment, control and monitoring at timely intervals.

The sensitivity analyses in the following sections relates to the outstanding balance as at 31 March 2023 and 31 March 2022

The sensitivity analyses have been prepared on the basis that the amount of net debt, the ratio of fixed to floating interest rates of the debt and derivatives and the proportion of financial instruments in foreign currencies are all constant in place at 31 March 2023.

The sensitivity of the relevant profit or loss item is the effect of the assumed changes in respective market risks. This is based on the financial assets and financial liabilities held at 31 March 2023 and 31 March 2022

(i) Currency Risk

This is the risk that the Company may suffer losses as a result of adverse exchange rate movement during the relevant period. As a policy, Company is covering all foreign exchange risk on account of import and loans so that Company may not be put to any loss situation due to adverse fluctuations in currency rates. There is periodical review of foreign exchange transactions and hedging by the Company’s executives.

Foreign Currency Sensitivity

The following tables demonstrate the sensitivity to a reasonably possible change in USD, EUR and GBP exchange rates, with all other variables held constant. The impact on the Company’s profit before tax is due to changes in the fair value of monetary assets and liabilities including non-designated foreign currency derivatives. The Company evaluates exchange rate exposure arising from foreign currency transactions. The company follows established risk management policies and standard operating procedures. The company’s exposure to foreign currency changes for all other currencies is not material.

The Company manages interest rate risk by having a balanced portfolio of fixed and variable rate of interest on loans and borrowings. To manage this, Company has issued fixed rate bonds and loans taken from banks are linked to MCLR rate of the bank, which are variable.

(iii) Equity Price Risk

The Company is exposed to equity price risks arising from equity investments. Equity investments are held for strategic rather than trading purposes. The Company does not actively trade these investments.

C. LIQUIDITY RISK

(i) Liquidity risk management

The Company manages liquidity risk by continuously monitoring forecast and actual cash flows on daily, monthly and yearly basis. The Company ensures that there is a free credit limit available at the start of the year which is sufficient for repayments getting due in the ensuing year. Loan arrangements, credit limits with various banks including working capital and monitoring of operational and working capital issues are always kept in mind for better liquidity management

The following tables detail the Company’s remaining contractual maturity for its non-derivative financial liabilities with agreed repayment periods. The amount disclosed in the tables have been drawn up based on the undiscounted cash flows of financial liabilities based on the earliest date on which the Company can be required to pay.

To the extent that interest flows are floating rate, the undiscounted amount is derived from interest rate curves at the end of the reporting period. The contractual maturity is based on the earliest date on which the Company may be required to pay.

The management assessed that cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, trade payables, cash credit and all other current financial assets and liabilities approximates their carrying amounts largely due to the short-term maturities of these instruments.

The fair value of the financial assets and liabilities are included at the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or liquidation sale. The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair values:

(i) Receivables are evaluated by the company based on parameters such as interest rates and individual credit worthiness of the customer. Based on this evaluation, allowances are taken into account for the expected credit losses of these receivables.

(ii) The fair value of loans from banks and other financial liabilities, security deposit, as well as other financial liabilities is estimated by discounting future cash flows using rates currently available for debt on similar terms, credit risk and remaining maturities.

(iii) The fair values of the unquoted equity instruments have been estimated using a net adjusted fair value method. The valuation requires management to make certain assumptions about the assets, liabilities, investments of Investee Company. The probabilities of the various assumptions can be reasonably assessed and are used in management's estimate of fair value for these unquoted equity investments based on the best information available to the Company.

(iv) The fair values of quoted equity instruments are derived from quoted market prices in active markets.

(v) The Company enters into foreign exchange forward contracts are valued using valuation techniques, which employs the use of market observable inputs.

(vi) The fair value of floating rate borrowings are determined by using discounted cash flow method using discount rate that reflects the issuer's borrowing rate at the end of the reporting period. As the Company's interest rates changes with the change in market interest rate, there is no material difference in carrying value and fair value. The own non performance risk as at 31 March 2023 was assessed to be insignificant.

Lessor - Operating Lease:

The Company has significant leasing arrangements in respect of operating leases for premises. These are non cancellable leases with a lock in period of minimum three years. Most of the leases are renewable for a further period on mutually agreeable terms and also include escalation clauses on renewal. The Company has entered into operating leases for its Investment property. These typically have lease terms of between 1 to 4 years. The Company has recognized an amount of ' 124.73 Crore (31 March 2022'126.45 Crore) as rental income for operating lease during the year ended 31 March 2023.

[47] OTHER STATUTORY INFORMATION

(i) The Company does not have any Benami property, where any proceeding has been initiated or pending against the Company for holding any Benami property.

(ii) The Company does not have any transactions with companies struck off.

(iii) The Company does not have any charges or satisfaction which is yet to be registered with ROC beyond the statutory period.

(iv) The Company has not traded or invested in Crypto currency or Virtual Currency during the financial year.

(v) The Company has not advanced or loaned or invested funds to any other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Intermediaries) with the understanding the Intermediary shall:

(a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the company (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or

(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries

(vi) The Company has not received any fund from any person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Funding Party) with the understanding (whether recorded in or otherwise) that the Company shall:

(a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or

(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries

(vii) The Company does not have any such transaction which is not recorded in the books of accounts that has been surrendered or disclosed as income during the year in the tax assessments under the Income Tax Act, 1961 (such as, search or survey or any other relevant provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.

48 The Company has defined process to take daily back-up of books of account maintained electronically and maintain the logs of the back-up of such books of account however in few cases daily back-up was failed because of technical issue and manual back-up has been taken on the next day. Management has taken adequate steps to configure systems to ensure that back up for books of account is taken on daily basis even in case of technical failure.

49 Figures less than ' 50,000 have been shown at actuals in brackets, since the figures are rounded off to the nearest lakh.